Growth hormone and the acquisition of bone mass

Hormone Research
G Johannsson, B A Bengtsson

Abstract

Bone remodelling is a continuous, closely coupled process of bone resorption followed by bone formation. This process is regulated by factors and hormones which include GH, IGF-I and gonadal steroids. GH deficiency in childhood results in short stature and delayed bone maturation and a reduced peak bone mass might account for reduced BMC and BMD. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms for reduced bone mass in both childhood- and adult-onset GH deficiency are discussed. GH treatment effects on bone metabolism include increased remodelling, with increases in BMC, BMD and bone area. Increases in BMC and BMD are delayed while these changes are incorporated into the skeleton. BMC increases to a greater extent than BMD. At a cellular level, GH and IGF-I have direct and indirect effects on osteoblast and osteoclast precursors and fully differentiated cells. Osteoblasts possess both oestrogen and androgen receptors and bone loss accelerates with the loss of gonadal function. There are gender differences in GH effects on bone. BMD is related to fracture risk in the hip and lumbar spine in women. GH treatment might decrease fracture risk at a level comparable to oestrogen or bisphosphonate treatment. Patients with the lowest BMD prior to...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 5, 2002·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·B L SpeckerK Finn
May 6, 2008·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Christos PapaloucasThespis Demetriou
Nov 29, 2005·Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America·Johannes D VeldhuisCyril Y Bowers
Nov 24, 2006·Clinical Endocrinology·Mette Friberg HitzPeter C Eskildsen
Aug 15, 2002·Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society·F EcksteinE Wolf
Feb 12, 2014·Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM·Manaswitha KhareVirginia E Kimonis
Nov 26, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Rikke Beck JensenDorte M Jensen

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