PMID: 9546678Apr 18, 1998Paper

Guanylate-cyclase-inhibitory protein is a frog retinal Ca2+-binding protein related to mammalian guanylate-cyclase-activating proteins

European Journal of Biochemistry
N LiW Baehr

Abstract

Two guanylate-cyclase-activating proteins (GCAP) encoded by a tail-to-tail gene array have been characterized in the mammalian retina. Using frog retina as a model, we obtained evidence for the presence of a photoreceptor Ca2+-binding protein closely related to GCAP. This protein (206 amino acids) does not stimulate guanylate cyclase (GC) in low [Ca2+], but inhibits GC in high [Ca2+], and is therefore termed guanylate-cyclase-inhibitory protein (GCIP). Sequence analysis indicates that GCIP and GCAP1 and GCAP2 have diverged substantially, but conserved domains present in all vertebrate GCAP are present in GCIP. Moreover, partial characterization of the GCIP gene showed that the positions of two introns in the GCIP gene are identical to positions of corresponding introns of the mammalian GCAP gene array. As to the major differences between GCIP and GCAP, the fourth EF hand Ca2+-binding motif of GCIP is disabled for Ca2+ binding, and GCIP does not stimulate GC. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies raised against recombinant GCIP identified high levels of GCIP in the inner segments, somata and synaptic terminals of frog cone photoreceptors. The results suggest that GCIP is a Ca2+-binding protein of the GCAP/recoverin subfamily. Its...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 21, 2000·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·K PalczewskiJ B Ames
Nov 9, 2000·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·T Ebrey, Y Koutalos
Oct 6, 2001·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·I M Pepe
Feb 28, 2002·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Yoshikazu ImanishiKrzysztof Palczewski
Aug 9, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A MendezJ Chen
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Mar 19, 2008·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Ricardo StephenMarcelo Carlos Sousa
Aug 6, 2002·Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library·David Krizaj, David R Copenhagen
Sep 1, 2004·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Krzysztof PalczewskiWolfgang Baehr
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Jun 12, 2014·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience·Xiao-Hong WenClint L Makino
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Feb 5, 2021·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Alexander M Dizhoor, Igor V Peshenko
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Jan 12, 2002·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Françoise HaeseleerKrzysztof Palczewski
Oct 25, 2011·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·James B Ames, Sunghyuk Lim

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