Gut microbiome response to a modern Paleolithic diet in a Western lifestyle context

PloS One
Monica BaroneMarco Candela

Abstract

The modern Paleolithic diet (MPD), featured by the consumption of vegetables, fruit, nuts, seeds, eggs, fish and lean meat, while excluding grains, dairy products, salt and refined sugar, has gained substantial public attention in recent years because of its potential multiple health benefits. However, to date little is known about the actual impact of this dietary pattern on the gut microbiome (GM) and its implications for human health. In the current scenario where Western diets, low in fiber while rich in industrialized and processed foods, are considered one of the leading causes of maladaptive GM changes along human evolution, likely contributing to the increasing incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases, we hypothesize that the MPD could modulate the Western GM towards a more "ancestral" configuration. In an attempt to shed light on this, here we profiled the GM structure of urban Italian subjects adhering to the MPD, and compared data with other urban Italians following a Mediterranean Diet (MD), as well as worldwide traditional hunter-gatherer populations from previous publications. Notwithstanding a strong geography effect on the GM structure, our results show an unexpectedly high degree of biodiversity in MPD su...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 7, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Augusta ZannoniMonica Forni
Apr 18, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Alba GaspardoMarco Pietra
Aug 14, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Abraham AjayiStella Smith
Sep 10, 2020·Toxicology Research·Abdul Rahman Conteh, Ruixue Huang
Oct 2, 2021·Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Tiffany ToniVictoria Gershuni
Dec 1, 2021·Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·Monica BaroneMarco Candela

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
SRP042234
PRJNA268964

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

QIIME
R
stats
adonis
R Studio
PANDAseq
ANOSIM
made4
ChimeraSlayer
MG

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