Gut microbiota alterations and dietary modulation in childhood malnutrition - The role of short chain fatty acids

Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
Ceyda Tugba PekmezLena Kirchner Brahe

Abstract

The gut microbiome affects the health status of the host through different mechanisms and is associated with a wide variety of diseases. Both childhood undernutrition and obesity are linked to alterations in composition and functionality of the gut microbiome. One of the possible mechanisms underlying the interplay between microbiota and host metabolism is through appetite-regulating hormones (including leptin, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1). Short chain fatty acids, the end product of bacterial fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates, might be able to alter energy harvest and metabolism through enteroendocrine cell signaling, adipogenesis and insulin-like growth factor-1 production. Elucidating these mechanisms may lead to development of new modulation practices of the gut microbiota as a potential prevention and treatment strategy for childhood malnutrition. The present overview will briefly outline the gut microbiota development in the early life, gut microbiota alterations in childhood undernutrition and obesity, and whether this relationship is causal. Further we will discuss possible underlying mechanisms in relation to the gut-brain axis and short chain fatty acids, and the potential of probiotics, prebiotics and...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 21, 2020·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·A W MoranS P Shirazi-Beechey
Mar 7, 2019·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Mihai CovasaClaudiu Cobuz
Aug 17, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Ignasi Azagra-BoronatFrancisco J Pérez-Cano
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Dec 10, 2020·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Juan LiMei-Hua Wan
Mar 3, 2020·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Liping MiaoXiaoting Zou
Jul 28, 2020·Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society·Elizabeth A JensenDarlene E Berryman
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Laura Marinela Ailioaie, Gerhard Litscher
Jul 31, 2021·Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology·Gertrude Ecklu-MensahSuzanne Devkota
Aug 28, 2021·Nutrients·Ishawu IddrisuGemma Emily Walton

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