Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Uremic Toxicities

Toxins
Manuel T VelasquezDominic Raj

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major cause of high morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Numerous CVD risk factors in CKD patients have been described, but these do not fully explain the high pervasiveness of CVD or increased mortality rates in CKD patients. In CKD the loss of urinary excretory function results in the retention of various substances referred to as "uremic retention solutes". Many of these molecules have been found to exert toxicity on virtually all organ systems of the human body, leading to the clinical syndrome of uremia. In recent years, an increasing body of evidence has been accumulated that suggests that uremic toxins may contribute to an increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden associated with CKD. This review examined the evidence from several clinical and experimental studies showing an association between uremic toxins and CVD. Special emphasis is addressed on emerging data linking gut microbiota with the production of uremic toxins and the development of CKD and CVD. The biological toxicity of some uremic toxins on the myocardium and the vasculature and their possible contribution to cardiovascular injury in uremia are also discussed. Finally, various the...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1978·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·W E Mitch
Apr 15, 2000·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·M J Sarnak, A S Levey
Feb 13, 2001·Kidney International. Supplement·L M Kraus, A P Kraus
Feb 13, 2001·Kidney International. Supplement·N LameireR De Smet
Mar 4, 2003·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·Fumio TakayamaToshimitsu Niwa
Apr 5, 2003·Kidney International·Raymond VanholderUNKNOWN European Uremic Toxin Work Group (EUTox)
Sep 1, 1959·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·M WALSER, L J BODENLOS
Oct 29, 2003·Circulation·Mark J SarnakUNKNOWN American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology,
Nov 25, 2003·Kidney International·Bert BammensPieter Evenepoel
Dec 25, 2003·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·William E Mitch, Guiseppe Remuzzi
Jul 21, 2004·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·Ming-Ju WuMing-Jer Tang
Sep 24, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Alan S GoChi-yuan Hsu
Oct 19, 2004·Annual Review of Microbiology·Cécile Wandersman, Philippe Delepelaire
Aug 30, 2005·TheScientificWorldJournal·Natarajan RanganathanEli A Friedman
Apr 14, 2006·Kidney International·H YamamotoE Kusano
Apr 4, 2007·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·L DouP Brunet
May 15, 2007·Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis : Official Peer-reviewed Journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy·Haruhiko UedaYoji Katsuoka
Sep 11, 2007·Nature Medicine·Zeneng WangStanley L Hazen
Sep 28, 2007·The New England Journal of Medicine·Timothy W Meyer, Thomas H Hostetter
Jan 25, 2008·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·Daniel E WeinerMark J Sarnak
Feb 22, 2008·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Raymond VanholderUNKNOWN European Uremic Toxin Work Group
Jul 17, 2008·Seminars in Dialysis·Marie-Luise Gross, Eberhard Ritz
Jun 1, 2005·Nutrition Research Reviews·Gavin S Stewart, Craig P Smith
Jul 7, 2009·Annual Review of Nutrition·Harold A Franch, William E Mitch
Aug 21, 2009·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Björn K I MeijersPieter Evenepoel
Aug 22, 2009·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Fellype C BarretoUNKNOWN European Uremic Toxin Work Group (EUTox)
Jan 23, 2010·Blood Purification·Eva SchepersRaymond Vanholder
May 1, 2010·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Björn K I MeijersPieter Evenepoel
May 15, 2010·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Cheng-Jui LinHan-Hsiang Chen
Aug 14, 2010·Microbiology·Cecilia JernbergJanet K Jansson
Sep 18, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Les Dethlefsen, David A Relman
Oct 6, 2010·The British Journal of Nutrition·Marcel RoberfroidAgnes Meheust
May 28, 2011·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Sunny ElootRaymond Vanholder
Jul 26, 2011·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Pavel A AronovTimothy W Meyer
Sep 3, 2011·Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension·Eugene P Rhee, Ravi Thadhani
Sep 6, 2011·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·I-Wen WuMai-Szu Wu
Feb 10, 2012·Kidney International·Timothy W Meyer, Thomas H Hostetter
Mar 14, 2012·Nature Reviews. Genetics·Ilseung Cho, Martin J Blaser
Apr 12, 2012·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Kajal P PatelTimothy W Meyer
Apr 25, 2012·Gut·Patricia LepageJoel Doré
May 26, 2012·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Flore DurantonUNKNOWN European Uremic Toxin Work Group

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 12, 2019·The FEBS Journal·Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, José-Manuel Fernández-Real
Jun 28, 2019·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Björn MeijersHans-Joachim Anders
Feb 18, 2020·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Natalia Lucía Rukavina MikusicMarcelo Roberto Choi
May 28, 2020·Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : ʹorgão oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia·Andressa Louzada Frauche FernandesDenise Mafra
Aug 14, 2018·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·Charat ThongprayoonWisit Cheungpasitporn
Sep 2, 2020·Nutrients·Moustafa Abdel-NabeyJean-Philippe Haymann
Dec 2, 2020·Microorganisms·Ryota IkeeSawako Fukazawa
Nov 22, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Chien-Ning Hsu, You-Lin Tain
Mar 17, 2021·Briefings in Bioinformatics·Stephen DoranAdil Mardinoglu
Apr 4, 2021·Toxins·Justyna Fryc, Beata Naumnik
Dec 19, 2019·Néphrologie & thérapeutique·Thomas CrépinJamal Bamoulid
May 6, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Olga ShevchukAlbert Sickmann
May 23, 2021·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Takayuki MatsumotoTsuneo Kobayashi
Nov 23, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Yanmin LiFeng Zhang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
glycosylation
electrophoresis
cecectomy

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Kidney International. Supplement
Pieter EvenepoelKristin Verbeke
Journal of Renal Nutrition : the Official Journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation
Megan RossiKatrina L Campbell
Contributions to Nephrology
Fellype C BarretoMaria Eugênia Fernandes Canziani
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved