Gut Microbiota: FFAR Reaching Effects on Islets

Endocrinology
Medha PriyadarshiniBrian T Layden

Abstract

The G protein-coupled receptors, free fatty acid (FFA) receptors 2 and 3 (FFA2 and FFA3), belonging to the free fatty acid receptor (FFAR) class, sense a distinct class of nutrients, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These receptors participate in both immune and metabolic regulation. The latter includes a role in regulating secretion of metabolic hormones. It was only recently that their role in pancreatic β cells was recognized; these receptors are known now to affect not only insulin secretion but also β-cell survival and proliferation. These observations make them excellent potential therapeutic targets in type 2 diabetes. Moreover, expression on both immune and β cells makes these receptors possible targets in type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, SCFAs are generated by gut microbial fermentative activity; therefore, signaling by FFA2 and FFA3 represents an exciting novel link between the gut microbiota and the β cells. This review enumerates the role of these receptors in β cells revealed so far and discusses possible roles in clinical translation.

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Citations

Apr 25, 2018·Endocrinology·Van B LuFrank Reimann
Jun 23, 2018·Endocrinology·Patricia L Brubaker
Sep 15, 2018·Current Diabetes Reports·Antonio SircanaGiovanni Musso
Feb 20, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Medha PriyadarshiniBrian T Layden
Mar 12, 2020·Current Nutrition Reports·Tiantian Zhu, Mark O Goodarzi
Apr 2, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Gaoxing MaHang Xiao
Jun 3, 2021·Metabolites·Medha PriyadarshiniBrian T Layden
Mar 29, 2020·Biochemical Pharmacology·Naina MongaAmarjit S Naura
Sep 18, 2021·Endocrinology·Patricia L Brubaker, Alexandre Martchenko

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