Gyroxin increases blood-brain barrier permeability to Evans blue dye in mice

Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
J A Alves da SilvaM A Camillo

Abstract

Gyroxin is a serine protease enzyme component of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus) venom. This toxin displays several activities, including the induction of blood coagulation (fibrinogenolytic activity), vasodilation and neurotoxicity, resulting in an effect called barrel rotation. The mechanisms involved in this neurotoxic activity are not well known. Because gyroxin is a member of a potentially therapeutic family of enzymes, including thrombin, ancrod, batroxobin, trypsin and kallicrein, the identification of the mechanism of gyroxin's action is extremely important. In this study, gyroxin was isolated from crude venom by affinity and molecular exclusion chromatography. Analysis of the isolated gyroxin via sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed a single protein band with a molecular weight of approximately 28 kDa, confirming the identity of the molecule. Furthermore, intravenous administration of purified gyroxin (0.25 μg/g of body weight) to mice resulted in symptoms compatible with barrel rotation syndrome, confirming the neurotoxic activity of the toxin. Mice treated with gyroxin showed an increase in the concentration of albumin-Evans blue in brain extracts...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 17, 2013·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Udaya K RanawakaH Janaka de Silva
Sep 26, 2015·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Vincent Louis VialaPatrick Jack Spencer
Apr 8, 2016·Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]·Nesrine SifiFatima Laraba-Djebari
Jan 15, 2014·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Camila M YonamineMaria Teresa R Lima-Landman
May 29, 2013·Analytical Biochemistry·Joy L KovarD Michael Olive
Jun 1, 2018·Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging·Linpeng YaoFeng Chen
Oct 23, 2013·Cancer Research·Brian L MurphyMartine F Roussel

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