PMID: 9557449Apr 29, 1998Paper

Haematological changes in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Part I: Review article

East African Medical Journal
O W Mwanda

Abstract

This review attempts to put together the changes in the blood and bone marrow observed in those who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These are contribution of many published and unpublished data and experience on; blood counts, blood film and bone marrow films prepared and stained by MayGrunwald-Giemsa or Leishman stain. Some changes in haemostasis are also included. The salient changes are cytopaenias; leucopaenia, anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, and bone marrow hypoplasia, although the latter occurs, it is found in a minority of cases. Other changes include myelodysplasia, functionally defective cells, and enhanced bleeding tendency particularly in those with bleeding defects. There are also malignancies associated with HIV infection such as Kaposi's Sarcoma and malignant lymphomas. The pathogenesis of these events are multi-factorial, varied and involve; killing of cells by the virus, syncytial formation by the cells, destruction of the stem cells, immune and drugs effects. These mechanisms are modified by factors of viral, host environment and their interactions. Changes are commonly found in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) but can be seen in some cases anytime during the course of t...Continue Reading

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