Haemogregarina bigemina (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Adeleorina)--past, present and future

Folia Parasitologica
A J DaviesDavid F Wertheim

Abstract

This paper reviews past, current and likely future research on the fish haemogregarine, Haemogregarina bigemina Laveran et Mesnil, 1901. Recorded from 96 species of fishes, across 70 genera and 34 families, this broad distribution for H. bigemina is questioned. In its type hosts and other fishes, the parasite undergoes intraerythrocytic binary fission, finally forming mature paired gamonts. An intraleukocytic phase is also reported, but not from the type hosts. This paper asks whether stages from the white cell series are truly H. bigemina. A future aim should be to compare the molecular constitution of so-called H. bigemina from a number of locations to determine whether all represent the same species. The transmission of H. bigemina between fishes is also considered. Past studies show that young fish acquire the haemogregarine when close to metamorphosis, but vertical and faecal-oral transmission seem unlikely. Some fish haemogregarines are leech-transmitted, but where fish populations with H. bigemina have been studied, these annelids are largely absent. However, haematophagous larval gnathiid isopods occur on such fishes and may be readily eaten by them. Sequential squashes of gnathiids from fishes with H. bigemina have dem...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1988·The Journal of protozoology·N D Levine, V Ivens
Apr 7, 2000·Advances in Parasitology·A J Davies, M R Johnston
Mar 28, 2003·The Journal of Parasitology·Nico J SmitAngela J Davies
Oct 1, 1951·Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica·K SHIMAI, K TAMARU

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Citations

Oct 7, 2014·Parasitology Research·Priscilla SoaresLúcio André Viana
Oct 11, 2014·The Journal of Parasitology·Zullaylee Ramos-AscherlMark A Hixon
Jun 23, 2016·International Journal for Parasitology. Parasites and Wildlife·J M Artim, P C Sikkel
May 24, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Emerancienne MogoaYann Héchard
Aug 1, 2009·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Robin M OverstreetHongwei Ma
Apr 25, 2015·Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinária = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Órgão Oficial do Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária·Mauricio Laterça MartinsSantiago Benites de Pádua
Apr 12, 2017·The Journal of Parasitology·Lance P RenouxPaul C Sikkel
Sep 17, 2021·PLoS Pathogens·Patrick J KeelingWaldan K Kwong

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