Halotolerance in Methanosarcina spp.: Role of N(sup(epsilon))-Acetyl-(beta)-Lysine, (alpha)-Glutamate, Glycine Betaine, and K(sup+) as Compatible Solutes for Osmotic Adaptation.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
K R Sowers, R P Gunsalus

Abstract

The methanogenic Archaea, like the Bacteria and Eucarya, possess several osmoregulatory strategies that enable them to adapt to osmotic changes in their environment. The physiological responses of Methanosarcina species to different osmotic pressures were studied in extracellular osmolalities ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 osmol/kg. Regardless of the isolation source, the maximum rate of growth for species from freshwater, sewage, and marine sources occurred in extracellular osmolalities between 0.62 and 1.0 osmol/kg and decreased to minimal detectable growth as the solute concentration approached 2.0 osmol/kg. The steady-state water-accessible volume of Methanosarcina thermophila showed a disproportionate decrease of 30% between 0.3 and 0.6 osmol/kg and then a linear decrease of 22% as the solute concentration in the media increased from 0.6 to 2.0 osmol/kg. The total intracellular K(sup+) ion concentration in M. thermophila increased from 0.12 to 0.5 mol/kg as the medium osmolality was raised from 0.3 to 1.0 osmol/kg and then remained above 0.4 mol/kg as extracellular osmolality was increased to 2.0 osmol/kg. Concurrent with K(sup+) accumulation, M. thermophila synthesized and accumulated (alpha)-glutamate as the predominant intrace...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 1, 1999·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·D D MartinM F Roberts
Feb 16, 2002·Environmental Microbiology·M Roesser, V Müller
Dec 18, 2010·Canadian Journal of Microbiology·Daochen ZhuShinichi Nagata
Nov 10, 2010·Environmental Microbiology·S CampanaroR Cavicchioli
Oct 29, 2013·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Andrew J WatkinsHenrik Sass
Apr 2, 2008·Archives of Microbiology·Regina Spanheimer, Volker Müller
Mar 24, 2016·The FEBS Journal·Michel Geovanni Santiago-MartínezRicardo Jasso-Chávez
Oct 20, 2005·Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering·C B Park, S B Lee
Dec 10, 1999·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·A J MacarioE Conway de Macario
Dec 1, 1996·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·P C Kadam, D R Boone
Mar 1, 1997·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·L O MartinsH Santos

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