Has the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder phenotype become more common in children between 2004 and 2014? Trends over 10 years from a Swedish general population sample

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
Mina RydellHenrik Larsson

Abstract

Studies have reported increases in clinically diagnosed and treated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during the last decade, but it is unclear if this reflects an increase in the underlying ADHD phenotype. We aimed to clarify if there has been an increase in the prevalence of ADHD-like traits in the general population from 2004 to 2014. Data were collected from 9-year-old twins (19,271), participating in the population-based Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden between 2004 and 2014. We assessed lifetime ADHD symptoms using the Autism-Tics, ADHD and other Comorbidities inventory. Research proxies for diagnostic-level ADHD and subthreshold ADHD were derived from this scale. We modeled the lifetime prevalence of diagnostic-level and subthreshold ADHD with logistic regression, and assessed mean ADHD scores each year with linear regression. Lifetime prevalence of clinically diagnosed ADHD was retrieved from the National Patient Register and modeled with logistic regression. The prevalence of diagnostic-level ADHD based on parent ratings did not differ significantly over time from 2004 to 2014 (OR 1.37; 95% CI: 0.77-2.45; p-value .233). Both subthreshold ADHD and mean ADHD scores increased significantly over time...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 12, 2018·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·A J Tineke Oldehinkel
Mar 3, 2020·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·Ebba Du RietzHenrik Larsson
Feb 8, 2021·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Stephen V FaraoneYufeng Wang
Jan 27, 2020·Lancet·Jonathan PosnerEdmund Sonuga-Barke
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Meichun Mohler-KuoSusanne Walitza
Sep 10, 2021·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Le ZhangZheng Chang

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