Head size constrains forebrain development and evolution in ray-finned fishes

Evolution & Development
G F Striedter, R G Northcutt

Abstract

In ray-finned fishes, which comprise nearly half of all vertebrate species, the telencephalon does not evaginate, as it does in other vertebrates, but instead everts. No detailed explanation for this species difference has ever been offered. Here we propose that telencephalic eversion evolved because ray-finned fish embryos are so small that their telencephalon cannot evaginate but must, instead, squeeze into the space just dorsal to the developing nasal epithelia and rostral to the eyes-morphogenetic movements that amount to eversion. Evidence for this hypothesis derives from cladistic analyses, which show that early ray-finned fishes reduced their adult body size and adopted a novel reproductive strategy, based on the production of myriad minute young. Because body size tends to be inversely proportional to brain:body ratio, this phylogenetic reduction in body size implies that embryonic ray-finned fishes should have proportionately larger brains than embryos of species whose telencephalons evaginate. This prediction was confirmed by comparing serially sectioned heads of representative ray-finned and cartilaginous fish embryos at several stages of development. The brain, excluding its ventricles, occupies 36-46% of the crania...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 4, 2008·Biology Letters·Hironobu Ito, Naoyuki Yamamoto
May 24, 2007·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·C D HulseyJ T Streelman
Sep 7, 2007·Annual Review of Entomology·Jeremy E NivenMalcolm Burrows
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Nov 8, 2018·Current Zoology·Jason KeagyUNKNOWN Handling editor: Rudiger Riesch
Aug 28, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Fernando RodríguezCosme Salas

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