Health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP): a critical appraisal to improve identification, management, and outcomes--proceedings of the HCAP Summit

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Marin H KollefJohn Segreti

Abstract

Increasingly, patients are receiving treatment at facilities other than hospitals, including long-term-health care facilities, assisted-living environments, rehabilitation facilities, and dialysis centers. As with hospital environments, nonhospital settings present their own unique risks of pneumonia. Traditionally, pneumonia in these facilities has been categorized as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, the new designation for pneumonias acquired in these settings is health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP), which covers pneumonias acquired in health care environments outside of the traditional hospital setting and excludes hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and CAP. Although HCAP is currently treated with the same protocols as CAP, recent evidence indicates that HCAP differs from CAP with respect to pathogens and prognosis and, in fact, more closely resembles HAP and VAP. The HCAP Summit convened national infectious disease opinion leaders for the purpose of analyzing current literature, clinical trial data, diagnostic considerations, therapeutic options, and treatment guidelines related to HCAP. After an in-depth analysis of these areas, the infectious disease investigators part...Continue Reading

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