Heart failure and sudden death in patients with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy and recurrent tachycardia

Circulation
Pamela NerheimBrian Olshansky

Abstract

Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy is a reversible cause of heart failure. We hypothesized that although left ventricular ejection fraction measurements normalize after heart rate or rhythm control in patients with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy, recurrent tachycardia may have abrupt and deleterious consequences. Patients with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy that developed over years were evaluated and treated. Tachycardia episodes and outcomes were assessed. Twenty-four patients were identified. All had NYHA functional class III heart failure or greater on presentation. One third were heart transplant candidates. There were 17 men and 7 women with a mean age of 46+/-16 years and mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.26+/-0.09 at the index visit. The cause was atrial fibrillation (n=13), atrial flutter (n=4), atrial tachycardia (n=3), idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (n=1), permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (n=2), and bigeminal ventricular premature contractions (n=1). Within 6 months of rate control or correction of the rhythm, left ventricular ejection fraction improved or normalized and symptoms abated in all. Five patients had tachycardia recur. In these patients, left ventricular ejection fract...Continue Reading

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