Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability during Sleep in Family Dogs (Canis familiaris ). Moderate Effect of Pre-Sleep Emotions

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
Bence VargaAnna Kis

Abstract

The domestic dog (Canis familiaris) has been shown to both excel in recognising human emotions and produce emotion-related vocalisations and postures that humans can easily recognise. However, little is known about the effect of emotional experiences on subsequent sleep physiology, a set of phenomena heavily interrelated with emotions in the case of humans. The present paper examines heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) during dogs' sleep, measures that are influenced by both positive and negative emotions in awake dogs. In Study I, descriptive HR and HRV data is provided on N = 12 dogs about the different sleep stages (wake, drowsiness, non-rapid eye movement (non-REM), REM; scoring based on electroencephalogram (EEG) data). We conclude that wakefulness is characterised by higher HR and lower HRV compared to all sleep stages. Furthermore, drowsiness is characterised by higher HR and lower HRV than non-REM and REM, but only if the electrocardiogram (ECG) samples are taken from the first occurrence of a given sleep stage, not when the longest periods of each sleep stage are analysed. Non-REM and REM sleep were not found to be different from each other in either HR or HRV parameters. In Study II, sleep HR and HRV meas...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 30, 2020·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Pengfei WangJianqi Wang
May 14, 2020·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Stephanie D ClarkArya B Mohabbat
Jul 14, 2019·Scientific Reports·Ivaylo Borislavov IotchevEnikő Kubinyi
Dec 2, 2020·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Kim Kortekaas, Kurt Kotrschal
Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Hillary Jean-JosephKurt Kotrschal
Feb 4, 2021·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev, Eniko Kubinyi
Aug 8, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Laura B HunterKevin J Stafford

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