Heart Regeneration by Endogenous Stem Cells and Cardiomyocyte Proliferation: Controversy, Fallacy, and Progress.
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Myocardial infarction results in an irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes with subsequent adverse remodeling and heart failure. Identifying new sources for cardiomyocytes and promoting their formation represents a goal of cardiac biology and regenerative medicine. Within the past decade, many types of putative cardiac stem cells (CSCs) have been reported to regenerate the injured myocardium by differentiating into new cardiomyocytes. Some of these CSCs have been translated from bench to bed with reported therapeutic effectiveness. However, recent basic research studies on stem cell tracing have begun to question their fundamental biology and mechanisms of action, raising serious concerns over the myogenic potential of CSCs. We review the history of different types of CSCs within the past decade and provide an update of recent cell tracing studies that have challenged the origin and existence of CSCs. In addition to the potential role of CSCs in heart regeneration, proliferation of preexisting cardiomyocytes has recently gained more attention. This review will also evaluate the methodologic and technical aspects of past and current studies on CSCs and cardiomyocyte pr...Continue Reading
References
Cyclin D1 overexpression promotes cardiomyocyte DNA synthesis and multinucleation in transgenic mice
Cardiac progenitor cells from adult myocardium: homing, differentiation, and fusion after infarction
Citations
Two Stem Cell Populations Including VSELs and CSCs Detected in the Pericardium of Adult Mouse Heart.
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