Heightened Circulating Interferon-Inducible Chemokines, and Activated Pro-Cytolytic Th1-Cell Phenotype Features Covid-19 Aggravation in the Second Week of Illness

Frontiers in Immunology
Camilla TincatiGiulia Marchetti

Abstract

Covid-19 features a delayed onset of critical illness occurring approximately one week from the beginning of symptoms, which corresponds to the bridging of innate and adaptive immunity. We reasoned that the immune events occurring at the turning point of disease might mark the direction toward pathogenic versus protective inflammatory responses. Subjects with either severe (s; PaO2/FiO2 ratio <200) or mild (m; PaO2/FiO2 ratio>300) Covid-19 were enrolled. A range of chemokines and cytokines as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in plasma. Dendritic and NK cell frequency, monocyte and B-/T-cell phenotype and SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were assessed in PBMC. Twenty mCovid-19 and 20 sCovid-19 individuals were studied. sCovid-19 patients displayed higher non-classical monocytes, plasma chemokines (CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10), cytokines (IL-6, IL-10), and ROS versus mCovid-19. sCovid-19 also showed significantly increased activated CD38+HLA-DR+ T-lymphocyte, and granzyme-B+/perforin+ pro-cytolytic T-cells. All Covid-19 patients showed SARS-CoV-2 specific-T-cell response with a predominance of Th1 bi- or trifunctional IFN-γ/IL-2/TNF-α-expressing CD4+, while no difference according to disease severity was observed....Continue Reading

References

Mar 10, 2001·Nature·P ChampagneG Pantaleo
Dec 3, 2005·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Stanley Perlman, Ajai A Dandekar
Jul 11, 2006·Immunological Reviews·Alexandre HarariGiuseppe Pantaleo
Sep 25, 2007·Nature Medicine·Kwang Dong KimYang-Xin Fu
Oct 6, 2007·Nature Medicine·Noah W Palm, Ruslan Medzhitov
Dec 29, 2007·The Journal of Pathology·V Appay, D Sauce
Oct 4, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Chris Ka-fai LiXiao-Ning Xu
May 11, 2012·Current Opinion in Virology·Allison L Totura, Ralph S Baric
Sep 1, 2012·Emerging Microbes & Infections·Hsueh-Ling Janice OhYee-Joo Tan
Oct 7, 2016·Journal of Korean Medical Science·Eu Suk KimMyoung Don Oh
Dec 6, 2017·Cancer Treatment Reviews·Ryuma TokunagaHeinz-Josef Lenz
Jul 31, 2018·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Hyoung-Shik ShinDong-Gyun Lim
Feb 8, 2020·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Dawei WangZhiyong Peng
Feb 23, 2020·The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine·Zhe XuFu-Sheng Wang
Feb 29, 2020·The New England Journal of Medicine·Wei-Jie GuanUNKNOWN China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19
Mar 3, 2020·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Justin StebbingPeter Richardson
Mar 13, 2020·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Chuan QinDai-Shi Tian
Mar 24, 2020·Cellular & Molecular Immunology·Meijuan ZhengZhigang Tian
Mar 29, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Guang ChenQin Ning
Apr 1, 2020·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Fan WangYongxi Zhang
Apr 23, 2020·Cell Host & Microbe·Evangelos J Giamarellos-BourboulisAntonia Koutsoukou
May 20, 2020·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·Tobias HeroldTobias Weinberger
May 31, 2020·Clinical Rheumatology·Felice GalluccioMario Fajardo-Pérez

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 13, 2021·Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews·Francesca CoperchiniMario Rotondi
May 22, 2021·Immunity & Ageing : I & a·María C MartínJuan Molina
Jun 1, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Rafaela Pires da SilvaAna Paula Duarte de Souza

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
FCS
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
PMA

Software Mentioned

sCovid
mCovid
FCAP

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cancer Biology: Molecular Imaging

Molecular imaging enables noninvasive imaging of key molecules that are crucial to tumor biology. Discover the latest research in molecular imaging in cancer biology in this feed.