HEMA-induced cytotoxicity: oxidative stress, genotoxicity and apoptosis

International Endodontic Journal
M GalloriniViviana di Giacomo

Abstract

Dental resin composites consist of organic polymers with inorganic fillers used as bonding resins and direct filling materials in dentine adhesives and as sealing agents for inlays, crowns and orthodontic brackets. Despite various modifications in the formulation, the chemical composition of composite resins includes inorganic filler particles and additives, which are incorporated into a mixture of an organic resin matrix. Among them, 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) is one of the most frequently used. Several studies have attempted to clarify the mechanisms underlying HEMA cytotoxicity. Most of them support the hypothesis that this compound, once released in the oral environment, increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative DNA damage through double-strand breaks evidenced by in vitro presence of micronuclei. As a consequence, the glutathione detoxifying intracellular pool forms adducts with HEMA through its cysteine motif and inflammation begins to occur: transcription of early genes of inflammation such as tumour necrosis factor α or inducible cyclooxygenase up to the secretion of prostaglandins 2. These phenomena are counteracted by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a nonenzymatic antioxidant, but not by vitamin ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2015·Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials·Kahoru TakedaSatoshi Imazato
May 20, 2015·Journal of Dentistry·Débora Lopes Salles ScheffelJosimeri Hebling
Apr 23, 2015·Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials·Lena SchusterChristof Högg
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Aug 29, 2021·Polymers·Adam WawrzynkiewiczIreneusz Majsterek

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