Heme oxygenase 1-mediated novel anti-inflammatory activities of Salvia plebeia and its active components

Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Muhammad AkramOk-Nam Bae

Abstract

Salvia plebeia R. Br. (SP) has been widely used as a traditional folk medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases and pain. An anti-inflammatory potential of SP has remains largely unknown. We tried to elucidate the principle mechanism and the active ingredients underlying the anti-inflammatory activities of SP. We investigated the protective activities of SP methanolic extract (SPME) and seven representative ingredients against inflammation. Quantitative analysis using HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS was conducted to determine the relative amounts of these seven active ingredients in SPME. Both in vitro murine macrophages and in vivo mouse models were employed to elucidate SP- and active ingredient-mediated anti-inflammatory effects. SPME significantly reduced inflammatory processes both in vivo in a TPA-induced ear edema model and in vitro in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. SPME decreased the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Seven active components (luteoloside (C1), nepitrin (C2), homoplantagenin (C3), luteolin (C4), nepetin (C5), hispidulin (C6), and eupatorin (C7)) of SPME were analyzed and their relative concentrations were determined,...Continue Reading

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