PMID: 11898581Mar 20, 2002Paper

Hemorrhagic transformation following ischemic stroke: significance, causes, and relationship to therapy and treatment

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
Paul A Lapchak

Abstract

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a frequent consequence of ischemic stroke that becomes more prevalent after thrombolytic therapy. Despite concerns about safety parameters, thrombolytic drugs remain the first course of action available to clinicians for stroke management. However, recent efforts in preclinical studies have attempted to discover other drugs that can lessen the risk of hemorrhage associated with thrombolytic administration. This review focuses on three classes of pharmacologic agents that have shown some promise in animal models of stroke, and can thus be considered as possible candidates for coadministration with thrombolytics in the treatment of stroke. These include the following: 1) spin trap agents, such as alpha-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone (PBN) that scavenge free radicals; 2) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors, such as BB-94, that prevent membrane and vessel remodeling following ischemia; and 3) the novel glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa platelet receptor antagonist SM-20302. Although these drugs affect different mechanisms, the common denominator seemed to be their effectiveness in reducing the incidence of hemorrhage in response to thrombolytic infusion following an embolic stroke.

References

Aug 1, 1978·Neurology·J P MohrH L Bleich
May 1, 1989·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Y OkadaT Omae
Jul 1, 1989·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·T BrottV Hertzberg
Jun 26, 1986·The New England Journal of Medicine·J Y CheungA Leaf
Jul 1, 1986·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·G J Del ZoppoL A Harker
Dec 14, 1995·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group
May 23, 1995·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J FolbergrováB K Siesjö
Apr 1, 1994·Brain Pathology·A M Romanic, J A Madri
Mar 1, 1993·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·C R HornigW Dorndorf
Oct 1, 1995·Journal of Neurotrauma·G A Rosenberg
Feb 9, 1996·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·C E ThomasR C Bernotas
May 1, 1996·European Journal of Anaesthesiology·B K Siesjö, P Siesjö
Jan 1, 1996·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·C F SchaeferS D Kosanke
Jan 1, 1997·International Review of Neurobiology·K HensleyR A Floyd
Jun 1, 1997·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·F C BaroneG Z Feuerstein
Aug 14, 1997·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·G J del Zoppo
Feb 24, 1998·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·J C Grotta, A V Alexandrov
Sep 11, 1998·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·S S RebelloB R Lucchesi
Nov 11, 1998·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·S Mun-Bryce, G A Rosenberg
May 26, 1999·Medical Hypotheses·K M AndersonJ E Harris
Jul 21, 1999·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·S KurodaB K Siesjö
Sep 1, 1999·Current Opinion in Hematology·M MadanS D Berkowitz
Sep 24, 1999·Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement·M ChoppQ Jiang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 18, 2013·Current Treatment Options in Neurology·Raphaella E Weiser, Kevin N Sheth
May 10, 2013·Translational Stroke Research·Paul A LapchakLinda J Noble-Haeusslein
Aug 3, 2010·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Cameron Rink, Savita Khanna
Nov 3, 2010·Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a Journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies·William M ArmsteadVladimir R Muzykantov
Feb 13, 2010·Mediators of Inflammation·Weiyu TengChao Guan
Feb 25, 2005·Neurological Research·Sun-Ryung LeeEng H Lo
Mar 16, 2007·Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs·Paul A Lapchak, Dalia M Araujo
Dec 17, 2010·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Paul A Lapchak
Nov 20, 2002·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Paul A Lapchak
Sep 19, 2007·Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs·Paul A Lapchak, Dalia M Araujo
Feb 25, 2015·Experimental Neurology·Paul A LapchakPaul D Boitano
Mar 5, 2013·Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association·Patrick D Lyden
Jul 10, 2012·Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft·Masoumeh SeghatoleslamAlireza Fazel
May 14, 2009·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·William M ArmsteadVladimir R Muzykantov
Mar 26, 2015·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Glen C JicklingFrank R Sharp
Oct 17, 2008·Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia·Stuart WeissThomas F Floyd
May 13, 2011·Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·Amy S Tidwell, Ian D Robertson
Nov 11, 2009·Brain Research·Soon-Tae LeeJae-Kyu Roh
Dec 25, 2007·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Soon-Tae LeeJae-Kyu Roh
Nov 28, 2013·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Glen C JicklingFrank R Sharp
Jul 21, 2017·The International Journal of Neuroscience·Guanfeng LuFei Cao
Aug 29, 2006·Nature Neuroscience·William M ArmsteadAbd Al-Roof Higazi
Jun 5, 2003·Annals of Neurology·Christopher PowerJames Peeling
Jan 20, 2007·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Pooja KhatriJoseph P Broderick
Dec 18, 2013·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Víctor LlombartJoan Montaner
Feb 5, 2005·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·UNKNOWN NINDS ICH Workshop Participants
Mar 29, 2008·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Hans-Christoph DienerUNKNOWN SAINT I and II Investigators
Jan 20, 2004·American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs : Drugs, Devices, and Other Interventions·Paul A Lapchak, Dalia M Araujo
Nov 17, 2009·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Akira T KawaguchiHideo Tsukada
Oct 8, 2003·CNS Drug Reviews·Paul A Lapchak, Dalia M Araujo
Apr 8, 2010·Anaesthesia and Intensive Care·B L CartwrightJ O Cooper

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Brain Ischemia

Brain ischemia is a condition in which there is insufficient blood flow to the brain to meet metabolic demand. Discover the latest research on brain ischemia here.