Hemostatic nanoparticles increase survival, mitigate neuropathology and alleviate anxiety in a rodent blast trauma model

Scientific Reports
W Brad HubbardPamela J VandeVord

Abstract

Explosions account for 79% of combat related injuries and often lead to polytrauma, a majority of which include blast-induced traumatic brain injuries (bTBI). These injuries lead to internal bleeding in multiple organs and, in the case of bTBI, long term neurological deficits. Currently, there are no treatments for internal bleeding beyond fluid resuscitation and surgery. There is also a dearth of treatments for TBI. We have developed a novel approach using hemostatic nanoparticles that encapsulate an anti-inflammatory, dexamethasone, to stop the bleeding and reduce inflammation after injury. We hypothesize that this will improve not only survival but long term functional outcomes after blast polytrauma. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) hemostatic nanoparticles encapsulating dexamethasone (hDNPs) were fabricated and tested following injury along with appropriate controls. Rats were exposed to a single blast wave using an Advanced Blast Simulator, inducing primary blast lung and bTBI. Survival was elevated in the hDNPs group compared to controls. Elevated anxiety parameters were found in the controls, compared to hDNPs. Histological analysis indicated that apoptosis and blood-brain barrier disruption in the amygdala were significan...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 30, 2019·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Corey Scher, Robert Mansky
Aug 11, 2020·Science Advances·Yongsheng GaoSamir Mitragotri
Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Neurology·Aswati AravindBryan J Pfister
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Aug 21, 2021·Advanced Functional Materials·Assaf ZingerSonia Villapol

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dynamic light scattering
NMR
dynamic
scanning electron microscopy
sedation

Software Mentioned

90Plus
JMP Pro
ImageJ
EthoVision

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