Hepatitis B Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Maintain Functional Exhaustion after Antigen Reexposure in an Acute Activation Immune Environment

Frontiers in Immunology
Qin WangJia Liu

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by the presence of functionally exhausted HBV-specific CD8+ T cells. To characterize the possible residual effector ability of these cells, we reexposed CD8+ T cells from chronically HBV replicating mice to HBV antigens in an acute activation immune environment. We found that after transfer into naive mice, exhausted CD8+ T cells reexpanded in a comparable magnitude as naive CD8+ T cells in response to acute HBV infection; however, their proliferation intensity was significantly lower than that of CD8+ T cells from acute-resolving HBV replicating mice (AR mice). The differentiation phenotypes driven by acute HBV replication of donor exhausted and naive CD8+ T cells were similar, but were different from those of their counterparts from AR mice. Nevertheless, exhausted CD8+ T cells maintained less activated phenotype, an absence of effector cytokine production and poor antiviral function after HBV reexposure in an acute activation immune environment. We thus conclude that exhausted CD8+ T cells undergo a stable form of dysfunctional differentiation during chronic HBV replication and switching immune environment alone is not sufficient for the antiviral functional reconsti...Continue Reading

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Apr 14, 2020·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Lisa KobosJonathan Shannahan
Feb 11, 2020·Annual Review of Immunology·Shabnam Shalapour, Michael Karin
Sep 12, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Yongyan Chen, Zhigang Tian
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Sep 25, 2020·Viruses·Huiming CaiQinchang Zhu
Oct 25, 2021·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Arshi KhanamShyam Kottilil

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Methods Mentioned

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flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

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FlowJo

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