Hepatitis e: epidemiology and natural history

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
R Aggarwal

Abstract

Hepatitis E is a disease caused by infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV). The virus has four genotypes, named 1 to 4, with one shared serotype. Genotypes 1 and 2 infect only humans, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 primarily infect several mammalian animals, with occasional transmission to humans. Evidence of infection with HEV has been found in most parts of the world, with two distinct epidemiological patterns. In areas with high disease endemicity, primarily developing countries in Asia and Africa, the disease occurs as outbreaks and as sporadic cases of acute hepatitis, and is caused exclusively by infection with genotypes 1 or 2 HEV, which is acquired through fecal-oral route, usually through contamination of water supplies. The disease in these areas occurs most commonly in young adults, and is particularly severe in pregnant women and persons with pre-existing chronic liver disease; chronic infection has not been reported. In areas with lower endemicity, which are mainly developed areas with robust water supply and sanitation systems, occasional sporadic cases of locally-acquired genotype 3 or 4 HEV infection are observed. The affected persons are often elderly and have other coexisting illnesses. The reservoir of infection in...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 7, 2017·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Chong ChenLiang Chen
Nov 16, 2018·World Journal of Clinical Cases·Meryem JefferiesShafquat Rafiq
Apr 7, 2016·Journal of Veterinary Science·Woo-Jung ParkIn-Soo Choi
Aug 21, 2016·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Mohamad S HakimQiuwei Pan
Feb 2, 2018·Journal of Pathogens·I M IfeorahJ A Adeniji
Feb 8, 2018·Emerging Microbes & Infections·Diego ForniManuela Sironi
Apr 22, 2021·Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion : an Official Journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion·Li Ping WongNingshao Xia

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