Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy each play important roles in hepatocyte cell injury. We hypothesized that gene expression of C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) and the BH3 proteins Bcl2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) and BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID) are involved in a complex interplay that regulates ER stress-induced autophagy and cell death. Hepatocytes were cultured from lean Zucker rats. Confluent hepatocytes were incubated with single or combined small interfering RNA for CHOP, BIM, and/or BID for 24 h providing gene inhibition. Incubation with tunicamycin (TM) for another 24 h stimulated ER stress. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction determined the expression levels of CHOP, BIM, and BID. Immunostaining with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 measured autophagy activity. Trypan blue exclusion determined the cell viability. TM treatment increased the messenger RNA levels of CHOP and BIM but decreased the messenger RNA levels of BID. TM increased autophagy and decreased cell viability. Individual inhibition of CHOP, BIM, or BID protected against autophagy and cell death. However, simultaneous treatment with any combination of CHOP, BIM, and BID small interfering R...Continue Reading
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