Hepatotoxicity of drugs and chemicals

Gastroentérologie Clinique Et Biologique
D Larrey

Abstract

Hepatotoxicity of xenobiotics, which include classical drugs, herbal medicines, and chemical products, represents an important cause of liver diseases. Drug hepatotoxicity exhibits various expressions, practically reproducing all non-iatrogenic liver diseases. Drug hepatitis is the main cause of liver failure, in particular with paracetamol overdosage (near 50 %). Idiosyncratic hepatitis, which are unpredictable, also represent an important cause with a frequency similar to those of viral hepatitis. More than 1200 drugs are recorded as potential hepatotoxics. Causality assessment relies on chronological and clinical criteria and is frequently difficult. Herbal medicines are an increasing cause of liver injury with a large clinical polymorphism as classical drugs. About 50 plants are known to be hepatotoxic. Diagnosis is even more difficult because of frequent auto-medication and purchase via Internet. Chemical products are also responsible of various liver injuries through variable routes of exposition: inhalation of volatile products, ingestion of contaminating product, percutaneous contamination. Their role is particularly difficult to assess because exposure is frequently unknown or intermittent or accidental. Liver reaction...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 10, 2010·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Gordon LissJames H Lewis
Jan 16, 2013·Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology·P CarrierV Loustaud-Ratti
Jun 20, 2012·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Benoit DevogelaereTse-I Lin
Mar 20, 2021·Médecine sciences : M/S·Brendan Le DaréThomas Gicquel

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