Heritable sperm chromatin epigenetics: a break to remember

Biology of Reproduction
Ralph G MeyerMirella L Meyer-Ficca

Abstract

Sperm chromatin not only has a unique structure to condense and protect the paternal DNA in transit, but also provides epigenetic information that supports embryonic development. Most of the unique sperm nuclear architecture is formed during the sweeping postmeiotic chromatin remodeling events in spermiogenesis, where the majority of nucleosomes are removed and replaced by protamines. The remaining histones and other chromatin proteins are located in structurally and transcriptionally relevant positions in the genome and carry diverse post-translational modifications relevant to the control of embryonic gene expression. How such postmeiotic chromatin-based programming of sperm epigenetic information proceeds, and how susceptible the process is to modulation by exogenous factors are key questions for understanding the inheritance of acquired epigenetic marks through the male germ line. We propose that transient DNA strand breaks mediated by topoisomerase II beta and the subsequent activation of DNA damage response pathways result in defined post-translational modifications of histones in spermiogenesis. These pathways, likely along with others, may contribute to chromatin remodeling in elongating spermatids, influence chromatin-...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 19, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Caroline A AustinIan G Cowell
Aug 7, 2019·The World Journal of Men's Health·Gayatri MohantyLuna Samanta
Jul 13, 2020·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Takehiko Koji, Yasuaki Shibata
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Nov 14, 2018·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·Monica Muratori, Christian De Geyter
Jun 27, 2021·Zygote : the Biology of Gametes and Early Embryos·Hai-Ping TaoQi-En Yang

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