Herpes Virus Reactivation in Astronauts During Spaceflight and Its Application on Earth

Frontiers in Microbiology
Bridgette V RooneySatish K Mehta

Abstract

Latent herpes virus reactivation has been demonstrated in astronauts during shuttle (10-16 days) and International Space Station (≥180 days) flights. Following reactivation, viruses are shed in the body fluids of astronauts. Typically, shedding of viral DNA is asymptomatic in astronauts regardless of mission duration; however, in some cases, live/infectious virus was recovered by tissue culture that was associated with atopic-dermatitis or skin lesions during and after spaceflight. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) axes activation during spaceflight occurs as indicated by increased levels of stress hormones including cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. These changes, along with a decreased cell mediated immunity, contribute to the reactivation of latent herpes viruses in astronauts. Currently, 47/89 (53%) astronauts from shuttle-flights and 14/23 (61%) astronauts from ISS missions shed one or more herpes viruses in saliva/urine samples. Astronauts shed Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and herpes-simplex-1 (HSV-1) in saliva and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in urine. Larger quantities and increased frequencies for these viruses were found du...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1997·Psychoneuroendocrinology·N ChristeffE A Nunez
Mar 24, 1999·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·R P StoweD L Pierson
Nov 9, 2000·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·S K MehtaD L Pierson
Nov 24, 2001·Psychosomatic Medicine·R P StoweA D Barrett
Aug 12, 2003·Trends in Immunology·David A Padgett, Ronald Glaser
Nov 25, 2003·Journal of Medical Virology·Satish K MehtaDuane L Pierson
Feb 12, 2004·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Matthew P Thompson, Razelle Kurzrock
Mar 31, 2005·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·D L PiersonS K Mehta
May 24, 2005·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Indreshpal KaurDuane L Pierson
Feb 8, 2008·Journal of Virology·Mike ReicheltAnn M Arvin
Feb 12, 2008·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Satish K MehtaDuane L Pierson
Feb 19, 2008·Cellular Immunology·Jeanette I Webster Marketon, Ronald Glaser
Apr 23, 2008·Journal of Medical Virology·Randall J CohrsDuane L Pierson
Oct 31, 2009·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Brian Crucian, Clarence Sams
Nov 10, 2010·Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology·David S Goldstein
Apr 9, 2011·Herpesviridae·Stefania Varani, Maria Paola Landini
Jan 1, 2010·Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy : Offizielles Organ Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur̈ Transfusionsmedizin Und Immunham̈atologie·Volkmar SchottstedtCarl-Heinz Wirsing von König
Apr 20, 2011·Journal of Medical Virology·Raymond P StoweDennis M Walling
Jun 23, 2011·Future Virology·Emily EshlemanRandall J Cohrs
Aug 19, 2011·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Maria A NagelDon Gilden
Dec 14, 2011·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Michael P NicollStacey Efstathiou
Oct 27, 2012·Journal of Clinical Immunology·Brian CrucianClarence Sams
May 24, 2013·Neurology·Meret E RicklinTobias Derfuss
Jun 12, 2013·Journal of Virological Methods·Satish K MehtaDuane L Pierson
Oct 30, 2013·Journal of Oral Microbiology·Bjørn Grinde
Dec 3, 2013·Experimental Gerontology·Graham Pawelec
Jan 28, 2014·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Brian CrucianClarence Sams
Apr 8, 2014·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·Brian E CrucianScott M Smith
Apr 8, 2014·Experimental Gerontology·Paolo SansoniJanko Nikolich-Zugich
Jun 3, 2014·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·S K MehtaD L Pierson
Oct 15, 2014·Acta Neurologica Scandinavica·L PollakR J Cohrs
Apr 4, 2015·Science Translational Medicine·David FurmanMark M Davis
Oct 11, 2015·Current Opinion in Virology·Bettina Kempkes, Erle S Robertson
Apr 3, 2016·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice·Brian CrucianClarence Sams
Nov 16, 2016·International Journal of General Medicine·Brian CrucianClarence Sams
Jun 27, 2017·NPJ Microgravity·Satish K MehtaDuane L Pierson
Sep 3, 2015·NPJ Microgravity·Brian CrucianClarence Sams

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 8, 2020·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Nadia H AghaRichard J Simpson
May 16, 2020·NPJ Microgravity·Taishin AkiyamaSatoshi Furukawa
Nov 5, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·George MakedonasBrian Crucian
Feb 23, 2020·Pathogens·Magdalena Weidner-GlundeMamata Savanagouder
Jul 28, 2020·The Journal of Nutrition·Sara R Zwart, Scott M Smith
Oct 14, 2020·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Judith-Irina BuchheimJean-Pol Frippiat
Jan 21, 2021·Life·Anggraeini PuspitasariWalter Tinganelli
Feb 14, 2021·NPJ Microgravity·Taishin AkiyamaSatoshi Furukawa
May 30, 2020·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·G Anderson, M Maes
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Evagelia C LaiakisMark R Emmett
May 18, 2021·IScience·Swati BijlaniClay C C Wang
Jun 16, 2021·The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine·Kwang-Hoon LeeSeong Yeon Park
Sep 8, 2021·Future Microbiology·Julian Wei-Tze TangTze Ping Loh
Sep 6, 2021·Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology·Karen S TuanoJavier Chinen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
ISS
PCR

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. Discover the latest research on atopic dermatitis here.