Heterogeneity of Human γδ T Cells and Their Role in Cancer Immunity

Immune Network
Hye Won LeeTae Jin Kim

Abstract

The γδ T cells are unconventional lymphocytes that function in both innate and adaptive immune responses against various intracellular and infectious stresses. The γδ T cells can be exploited as cancer-killing effector cells since γδ TCRs recognize MHC-like molecules and growth factor receptors that are upregulated in cancer cells, and γδ T cells can differentiate into cytotoxic effector cells. However, γδ T cells may also promote tumor progression by secreting IL-17 or other cytokines. Therefore, it is essential to understand how the differentiation and homeostasis of γδ T cells are regulated and whether distinct γδ T cell subsets have different functions. Human γδ T cells are classified into Vδ2 and non-Vδ2 γδ T cells. The majority of Vδ2 γδ T cells are Vγ9δ2 T cells that recognize pyrophosphorylated isoprenoids generated by the dysregulated mevalonate pathway. In contrast, Vδ1 T cells expand from initially diverse TCR repertoire in patients with infectious diseases and cancers. The ligands of Vδ1 T cells are diverse and include the growth factor receptors such as endothelial protein C receptor. Both Vδ1 and Vδ2 γδ T cells are implicated to have immunotherapeutic potentials for cancers, but the detailed elucidation of the dis...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 11, 2020·Immunological Medicine·Shihoko Komine-AizawaSatoshi Hayakawa
Oct 5, 2020·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·Mona SadeghalvadNima Rezaei
Nov 21, 2020·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Vladimir N UverskyElrashdy M Redwan
Mar 6, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Yang LiXi Chen
Jul 31, 2021·Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology·Kele CuiMin Cheng

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