Heuristic use of perceptual evidence leads to dissociation between performance and metacognitive sensitivity

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
Brian ManiscalcoHakwan Lau

Abstract

Zylberberg et al. [Zylberberg, Barttfeld, & Sigman (Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6; 79, 2012), Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience 6:79] found that confidence decisions, but not perceptual decisions, are insensitive to evidence against a selected perceptual choice. We present a signal detection theoretic model to formalize this insight, which gave rise to a counter-intuitive empirical prediction: that depending on the observer's perceptual choice, increasing task performance can be associated with decreasing metacognitive sensitivity (i.e., the trial-by-trial correspondence between confidence and accuracy). The model also provides an explanation as to why metacognitive sensitivity tends to be less than optimal in actual subjects. These predictions were confirmed robustly in a psychophysics experiment. In a second experiment we found that, in at least some subjects, the effects were replicated even under performance feedback designed to encourage optimal behavior. However, some subjects did show improvement under feedback, suggesting the tendency to ignore evidence against a selected perceptual choice may be a heuristic adopted by the perceptual decision-making system, rather than reflecting inherent biological limit...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 14, 2018·PLoS Computational Biology·William T Adler, Wei Ji Ma
Apr 23, 2019·Journal of Vision·Jason SamahaBradley R Postle
Mar 14, 2017·Scientific Reports·Kobe DesenderEva Van den Bussche
May 1, 2019·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Mikel JimenezPedro R Montoro
Jan 30, 2020·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Michelle G Hall, Paul E Dux
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Aug 2, 2020·Nature Communications·Jiwon Yeon, Dobromir Rahnev
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Feb 23, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Max Rollwage, Stephen M Fleming
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May 20, 2021·Psychological Research·Kobe Desender, Delphine Sasanguie
May 20, 2021·Journal of Vision·Andrea BertanaJanneke F M Jehee
Jun 6, 2021·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Manuel RauschMichael Zehetleitner
Aug 25, 2021·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Charles J Winter, Megan A K Peters
Jan 1, 2022·PLoS Computational Biology·Ariel Zylberberg

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