Hidden in Plain Sight: Comprehensive Molecular Phylogeny of Keroplatidae and Lygistorrhinidae (Diptera) Reveals Parallel Evolution and Leads to a Revised Family Classification

Insects
Michal MantičJan Ševčík

Abstract

We provide the first molecular phylogeny of Keroplatidae and Lygistorrhinidae, families of fungus gnats (Diptera: Bibionomorpha: Sciaroidea). Phylogenies reconstructed by Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods, based on four nuclear and four mitochondrial gene markers (5106 base pairs) sequenced for 75 genera and 105 species, show Keroplatidae as monophyletic only with the family Lygistorrhinidae included, herewith treated as the subfamily Lygistorrhininae stat. nov. The subfamily Arachnocampinae is retained in the family, although lowering its overall support. An early branching clade, comprising species of Platyura Meigen, 1803 and Paleoplatyura melanderi Fisher, 1941, forms subfamily Platyurinae Loew, 1850 stat. nov. The subfamilies Sciarokeroplatinae and Macrocerinae grouped together with three genera considered here as Keroplatidae incertae sedis. Subfamily Lygistorrhininae forms a sister clade to subfamily Keroplatinae, both retained monophyletic with high support. The traditional division of the subfamily Keroplatinae into the tribes Orfeliini and Keroplatini appears as outdated, resting largely on adaptive characters prone to parallel evolution. We find support for an alternative tribe corresponding to the Cloeophoromy...Continue Reading

References

Aug 13, 2003·Bioinformatics·Fredrik Ronquist, John P Huelsenbeck
Jun 28, 2008·Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution·Claire H BakerDavid J Merritt
Sep 1, 1996·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·Z Yang
Mar 16, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Brian M WiegmannDavid K Yeates
Apr 8, 2011·Nucleic Acids Research·Ivica Letunic, Peer Bork
Jan 19, 2013·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Kazutaka Katoh, Daron M Standley
Oct 28, 2017·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Diep Thi HoangLe Sy Vinh
May 3, 2018·Systematic Biology·Andrew RambautMarc A Suchard
Feb 6, 2020·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Bui Quang MinhRobert Lanfear

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
pectination

Software Mentioned

MAFFT
AliView
IQ
PartitionFinder
PartitionFinder2
SeqTrace
GBLOCKS
Interactive Tree Of Life ( iTOL )
TREE
MrBayes

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