Hiding in plain sight - platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1.

Platelets
Yvonne BaumerLishomwa C Ndhlovu

Abstract

There are approximately 38 million people globally living with Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and given the tremendous success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) this has dramatically reduced mortality and morbidity with prevention benefits. However, HIV-1 persists during cART within the human body and re-appears upon cART interruption. This HIV-1 reservoir remains a barrier to cure with cellular sites of viral persistence not fully understood. In this study we provide evidence corroborating a recently published article in STM demonstrating the role of platelets as a novel cellular disseminator of HIV-1 particles in the setting of viral suppression. Using classical transmission electron microscopy with and without immunogold labeling, we visualize HIV-1 in both platelets and monocytes in cART suppressed HIV donors. Our study suggests that due to the close proximity of platelets and monocytes an alternative life cycle of HIV-1 cycling within monocytes and platelets without the need of active replication under cART occurs. Our findings are supported by the lack of detectable HIV-1 particles in platelets derived from HIV uninfected donors or the 'Berlin' patient suggesting that platelets may serve as an underappr...Continue Reading

References

Aug 31, 2006·Journal of Virology·Chawaree ChaipanStefan Pöhlmann
Oct 27, 2007·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Gunter RiegUNKNOWN Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS)
Mar 12, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Sarah PalmerMartin S King
Jul 17, 2008·Biology of the Cell·Philippe Roingeard
Feb 14, 2009·The New England Journal of Medicine·Gero HütterEckhard Thiel
Apr 13, 2010·Retrovirology·Valentin Le DouceChristian Schwartz
May 14, 2011·Journal of Proteome Research·Irena Kadiu, Howard E Gendelman
Mar 4, 2014·Blood·Craig N MorrellKristina L Modjeski
Jul 22, 2014·Nature·Kai Deng, Robert F Siliciano
Jul 23, 2014·Annals of Internal Medicine·Timothy J HenrichDaniel R Kuritzkes
Jan 17, 2016·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Michihiro HashimotoShinya Suzu
Jan 1, 2017·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Rashi SinghalPrasenjit Guchhait
Mar 6, 2019·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Brooks I MitchellLishomwa C Ndhlovu
Oct 9, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Nicolas RuffinPhilippe Benaroch
Oct 11, 2019·Journal of Virology·Marta MassanellaNicolas Chomont
May 19, 2020·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Lisa ScheuermannAnca Dorhoi
May 22, 2020·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Meenakshi BanerjeeSidney W Whiteheart

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 15, 2021·Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis·Afaf AllaouiYounes Zaid
May 11, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Etheresia Pretorius

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.