Hierarchical patterning via dynamic sacrificial printing of stimuli-responsive hydrogels.

Biofabrication
Hongji WenXiaodong Cao

Abstract

Inspired by stimuli-tailored dynamic processes that spatiotemporally create structural and functional diversity in biology, a new hierarchical patterning strategy is proposed to induce the emergence of complex multidimensional structures via dynamic sacrificial printing of stimuli-responsive hydrogels. Using thermally responsive gelatin (Gel) and pH-responsive chitosan (Chit) as proof-of-concept materials, we demonstrate that the initially printed sacrificial material (Gel/Chit-H+ hydrogel with a single gelatin network) can be converted dynamically into non-sacrificial material (Gel/Chit-H+-Citr hydrogel with gelatin and an electrostatic citrate-chitosan dual network) under stimulus cues (citrate ions). Complex hierarchical structures and functions can be created by controlling either the printing patterns of citrate ink or the diffusion time of citrate ions into the Gel/Chit-H+ hydrogel. Specifically, mechanically anisotropic hydrogel film and cell patterning can be achieved via two-dimensional (2D) patterning; complex external and internal 3D structures can be fabricated in stimuli-responsive hydrogel and other hydrogels that are not stimuli-responsive under experimental conditions (also owing to the erasable properties of Ge...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 13, 2021·Biomaterials Science·Jonathan DoroginMarian H Hettiaratchi
Feb 10, 2021·Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews·Marcus Alonso Cee WilliamsDeok-Ho Kim
Jul 17, 2021·Lab on a Chip·Kirill KolesnikDavid J Collins

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