High blood pressure, hypertension, and high pulse pressure are associated with poorer cognitive function in persons aged 60 and older: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Thomas Olabode ObisesanRichard Frank Gillum

Abstract

To test the hypothesis that hypertension, high blood pressure, and high pulse pressure (PP) are independently associated with lower cognitive function. Cross-sectional study of persons examined in 1988 to 1994. U.S. noninstitutionalized population. Six thousand one hundred sixty-three men and women aged 60 and older who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Measurements included blood pressure, short-portable Mini-Mental State Examination (sp-MMSE), self-reported history of hypertension, diagnosis, and treatment. In the initial bivariate analysis within age groups of 60 to 64, 65 to 69, and 70 to 74, optimal blood pressure (< 120/80 mmHg) was associated with best cognitive performance; the severe hypertension group had the poorest performance in all age groups except the very old (> or = 80), where the pattern was reversed, showing poorest performance in the optimal blood pressure group and best in the group with moderate hypertension. This pattern changed slightly in multiple regression analyses modeling sp-MMSE as the outcome variable. Higher stage of hypertension according to the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Press...Continue Reading

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