High concentrations of dexmedetomidine inhibit compound action potentials in frog sciatic nerves without alpha(2) adrenoceptor activation.

British Journal of Pharmacology
Toshifumi KosugiEiichi Kumamoto

Abstract

Dexmedetomidine, an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, exhibits anti-nociceptive actions at the spinal cord and enhances the effect of local anaesthetics in the peripheral nervous system. Although the latter action may be attributed in part to inhibition of nerve conduction produced by dexmedetomidine, this has not been fully examined yet. We examined the effects of various adrenoceptor agonists including dexmedetomidine, and tetracaine, a local anaesthetic, on compound action potentials (CAPs) recorded from the frog sciatic nerve, using the air-gap method. Dexmedetomidine reversibly and concentration-dependently reduced the peak amplitude of CAPs (IC(50)= 0.40 mmol x L(-1)). This action was not antagonized by two alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonists, yohimbine and atipamezole; the latter antagonist itself reduced CAP peak amplitude. Clonidine and oxymetazoline, two other alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonists, also inhibited CAPs; the maximum effect of clonidine was only 20%, while oxymetazoline was less potent (IC(50)= 1.5 mmol x L(-1)) than dexmedetomidine. On the other hand, (+/-)-adrenaline, (+/-)-noradrenaline, alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonist (-)-phenylephrine and beta-adrenoceptor agonist (-)-isoprenaline (each 1 mmol x L(-1)) had no eff...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 1, 2011·International Anesthesiology Clinics·Chad M Brummett, Brian A Williams
Feb 28, 2014·Journal of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology·Sandhya AgarwalPraveen Gupta
Mar 11, 2016·Indian Journal of Anaesthesia·B S Santosh, Sripada Gopalakrishna Mehandale
Dec 29, 2015·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·Akitomo MatsushitaEiichi Kumamoto
Mar 30, 2013·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Akitomo MatsushitaEiichi Kumamoto
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