High COX-2 expression is associated with increased angiogenesis, proliferation and tumoural inflammatory infiltrate in canine malignant mammary tumours: a multivariate survival study

Veterinary and Comparative Oncology
Maria Isabel CarvalhoFelisbina L Queiroga

Abstract

COX-2 expression affects mammary tumourigenesis by promoting angiogenesis and cell proliferation, encouraging metastatic spread and tumour-associated inflammation. Samples of canine mammary tumours (n = 109) were submitted to immunohistochemistry to detect COX-2, CD31, VEGF, Ki-67, CD3 and MAC387 expression. Concurrent high expression of COX-2/CD31, COX-2/VEGF, COX-2/Ki-67, COX-2/CD3 and COX-2/MAC was associated with elevated grade of malignancy, presence of intravascular emboli and presence of lymph node metastasis. Tumours with high COX-2 (P < 0.001) and tumours with concurrent expression of high COX-2 and high CD31 (P = 0.008); high VEGF (P < 0.001); high Ki-67 (P < 0.001); high CD3+ T-lymphocytes (P = 0.002) and elevated MAC387 macrophages (P = 0.024) were associated with shorter overall survival (OS) time. Interestingly the groups with high COX-2/CD31 and high COX-2/VEGF retained their significance after multivariate analysis arising as independent predictors of OS. Present data highlight the importance of COX-2 in canine mammary tumourigenesis.

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Citations

Jan 6, 2017·BioMed Research International·Maria Isabel CarvalhoFelisbina L Queiroga
Oct 21, 2020·Research in Veterinary Science·Carla CruzPatrícia Pereira
Feb 15, 2021·Research in Veterinary Science·Francesca ParisiAlessandro Poli
Mar 4, 2021·European Journal of Pharmacology·Shiyuan XieBin Yang
Mar 9, 2021·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Guillermo ValdiviaLaura Peña
Mar 23, 2021·Veterinary Medicine and Science·Hugo GregórioFelisbina L Queiroga

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