High Fat Diet Attenuates the Anticontractile Activity of Aortic PVAT via a Mechanism Involving AMPK and Reduced Adiponectin Secretion

Frontiers in Physiology
Tarek A M AlmabroukSimon Kennedy

Abstract

Background and aim: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) positively regulates vascular function through production of factors such as adiponectin but this effect is attenuated in obesity. The enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is present in PVAT and is implicated in mediating the vascular effects of adiponectin. In this study, we investigated the effect of an obesogenic high fat diet (HFD) on aortic PVAT and whether any changes involved AMPK. Methods: Wild type Sv129 (WT) and AMPKα1 knockout (KO) mice aged 8 weeks were fed normal diet (ND) or HFD (42% kcal fat) for 12 weeks. Adiponectin production by PVAT was assessed by ELISA and AMPK expression studied using immunoblotting. Macrophages in PVAT were identified using immunohistochemistry and markers of M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes evaluated using real time-qPCR. Vascular responses were measured in endothelium-denuded aortic rings with or without attached PVAT. Carotid wire injury was performed and PVAT inflammation studied 7 days later. Key results: Aortic PVAT from KO and WT mice was morphologically indistinct but KO PVAT had more infiltrating macrophages. HFD caused an increased infiltration of macrophages in WT mice with increased expression of the M1 macrophage marke...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 20, 2020·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Lin ChangY Eugene Chen
May 12, 2020·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Hengjing HuLin Chang
Jul 11, 2020·Experimental Physiology·S N SaxtonS B Withers
Nov 30, 2019·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Chelsea M LarabeeAna I Domingos
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Peter R T BowmanGwyn W Gould
Apr 4, 2021·Antioxidants·Ernesto Martínez-MartínezVictoria Cachofeiro
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yin LiangKen Takahashi
May 1, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Stephanie W WattsGregory D Fink
Jul 2, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Muhd Fakh Rur Razi Md SallehAzizah Ugusman
Jul 8, 2021·Clinical Science·Timothy M Palmer, Ian P Salt
Aug 31, 2021·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Yaozhi ChenYunxia Liu

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
light microscopy
PCR
Protein Assay

Software Mentioned

[UNK] Real - Time PCR
[UNK] 7 Flex Real
AxioVision

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