High glucose induces dysfunction and apoptosis in endothelial cells: is the effect of high glucose persistence more important than concentration?

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes : Official Journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association
Y ZhangS Wang

Abstract

Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic endothelial dysfunction. Herein we reported the biological changes induced by hyperglycemia in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the potential underlying mechanisms sought to determine whether high glucose concentration or the persistence plays a key role in the development of vascular lesions. The HUVECs were exposed to various glucose concentrations (5, 15, 30, and 60 mmol/L of D-glucose supplemented), and several oxidative stress factors, such as NO, NOS, and ROS, and inflammatory signaling markers, such as TNF-α, TNFR, RIP, TRADD, TRAF-2 and NF-κB, were analyzed at various times (24, 48, 72, and 96 h). High glucose (HG) induced a transient increase of NO within 24 h and decreased afterwards, in accord with the expression of eNOS. HG also increased ROS and TNF-α production and activated the TNF-α-mediated signal transduction, decreasing cell viability and inducing apoptosis. However, 3 HG groups had similar effects on HUVECs with the increased duration of exposure, which resulted in the amplified oxidative and inflammatory damage. Taken together, these findings suggest that the HG persistence exacerbates oxidative stress and acti...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 7, 2012·Case Reports in Otolaryngology·Shintaro SatoAkira Inokuchi
Oct 27, 2012·Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death·Mariarosaria BoccellinoLucio Quagliuolo
Mar 26, 2013·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Csaba HegedűsLászló Virág
Sep 5, 2012·Annals of Vascular Surgery·Nan ZhangChunli Cao
May 29, 2012·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Shyamal C BirChristopher G Kevil

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis