High Molecular Weight Barley β-Glucan Alters Gut Microbiota Toward Reduced Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Frontiers in Microbiology
Yanan WangEhsan Khafipour

Abstract

The physiological cholesterol-lowering benefits of β-glucan have been well documented, however, whether modulation of gut microbiota by β-glucan is associated with these physiological effects remains unknown. The objectives of this study were therefore to determine the impact of β-glucan on the composition of gut microbiota in mildly hypercholesterolemic individuals and to identify if the altered microbiota are associated with bioactivity of β-glucan in improving risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Using a randomized, controlled crossover study design, individuals received for 5-week either a treatment breakfast containing 3 g high molecular weight (HMW), 3 g low molecular weight (LMW), 5 g LMW barley β-glucan, or wheat and rice. The American Heart Association (AHA) diet served as the background diet for all treatment groups. Phases were separated by 4-week washout periods. Fecal samples were collected at the end of each intervention phase and subjected to Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Results revealed that at the phylum level, supplementation of 3 g/d HMW β-glucan increased Bacteroidetes and decreased Firmicutes abundances compared to control (P < 0.001). At the genus level, consumption of 3 g/d HMW β-glucan...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
SRR2558312

Methods Mentioned

BETA
chips
PCR
electrophoresis
Illumina
Illumina sequencing

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01408719

Software Mentioned

UniFrac
PERMANOVA
PICRUSt ( Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconst...
SIMCA
PANDAseq assembler
PICRUSt
QIIME
UCLUST
PLS
UCHIME

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