High pH instability of quaternary ammonium surfactant coatings in capillary electrophoresis

The Analyst
Lisa ShulmanCharles A Lucy

Abstract

The two-tailed cationic surfactant dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium bromide (DODAB) produces semi-permanent coatings that yield strongly reversed electroosmotic flow (EOF), for example -0.31 ± 0.01 cm(2) kV(-1) s(-1) at pH 3.5. Moreover, these coatings are easy to prepare, regenerable, cost effective, and yield high efficiency (520 000-900 000 plates per m) separations of cationic proteins over many runs under acidic (pH 3.5) conditions. Given the quaternary amine functionality of DODAB, we were surprised to observe that DODAB coatings become unstable at pH > 7. At pH 7.2, the EOF of a DODAB coated capillary drifted from reversed to cathodic over only 5 runs, and protein separations became severely compromised. By pH 12, no EOF reversal was observed. Electrophoretic and mass spectrometric studies demonstrate that the coating decomposition involves a surface conversion of the quaternary amine in DODAB to a variety of products, although the exact mechanism remains elusive. Regardless, the results herein demonstrate that semi-permanent coatings based on cationic two-tailed surfactants such as DODAB are limited to separations using acidic buffers.

References

Feb 28, 2002·Analytical Chemistry·Jennifer M CunliffeCharles A Lucy
Mar 26, 2003·Electrophoresis·Erin A S DohertyAnnelise E Barron
Jan 1, 2008·Journal of Chromatography. a·Charles A LucyMakedonka D Gulcev
Mar 5, 2008·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Zhengxiang ZhangHuwei Liu
Oct 20, 2009·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·C HuhnG W Somsen
Aug 18, 2010·The Analyst·Makedonka D GulcevCharles A Lucy
Mar 19, 2011·Analytica Chimica Acta·Makedonka D Gulcev, Charles A Lucy
May 4, 2011·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Erik HsiaoSeong H Kim
Apr 1, 1996·Analytical Chemistry·B A Williams, G Vigh
Oct 16, 2012·Journal of Separation Science·Oscar Salas-SolanoBrian Nunnally
Mar 10, 2016·Electrophoresis·Shane S WellsChristopher R Harrison

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Citations

Aug 6, 2019·Journal of Chromatography. a·C L CrihfieldL A Holland
Apr 1, 2021·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science·Xuejiao WangJianbin Huang

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