High prevalence of hepatitis B virus genotype E in Northern Madagascar indicates a West-African lineage

Journal of Medical Virology
Tatiana DupinayHeléne Norder

Abstract

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers was investigated in 563 inhabitants aged 15-55 years from a sugar cane region, Sirama, and from a village, Mataipako, in Northern Madagascar. Serological markers of past or present infection were significantly higher in Sirama, 74% versus 45%. There was no difference in the prevalence of chronic HBsAg carriers, 8.7% versus 8.5% between the two regions. Sequencing the S gene in 45 strains revealed a predominance of genotype E, in 53%, followed by subgenotype A1 in 22%, and genotype D in 18%. Phylogenetic analyses of the genotype E strains showed homology with West African strains. All A1 isolates were similar to Malawi strains. Most genotype D strains were subgenotype D7 and related to strains from Somalia and Tunisia. One genotype D strain formed a branch between Pacific D4 and African D7 strains at neighbor-joining analysis. The pre-core stop mutant was found in 33% of the genotype D strains, 17% of E but not in any A1 strain. The high prevalence and low variability of genotype E strains in only two villages, indicates a rather recent introduction of this genotype into Madagascar from West Africa, possibly through migration or slave trade. The wider spread and genetic relations...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1992·The Journal of General Virology·H NorderL O Magnius
Jan 1, 1991·Annals of Tropical Paediatrics·M RapicettaM Chiaramonte
Jan 1, 1987·Annual Review of Biochemistry·D Ganem, H E Varmus
Aug 1, 1995·Nature Genetics·H SoodyallM Stoneking
Apr 26, 1994·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A S LokS Greene
Jan 1, 1997·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·A KramvisE Song
Jan 21, 2000·The Journal of General Virology·L StuyverR Rossau
Aug 22, 2000·The Journal of General Virology·C HannounM Lindh
Dec 22, 2000·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·E OritoS Iino
Mar 22, 2002·The Journal of General Virology·Anna KramvisMichael C Kew
Jul 9, 2002·Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology·Jia-Horng Kao
Jul 19, 2002·The Journal of General Virology·Patricia Arauz-RuizLars O Magnius
Sep 5, 2002·Archives of Virology·A QuinteroF H Pujol
Mar 1, 1957·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·R SINGERJ SAUGRAIN
Jun 25, 2004·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Mick N MuldersClaude P Muller
Sep 7, 2004·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Yasuhito TanakaMasashi Mizokami
Mar 29, 2005·American Journal of Human Genetics·Matthew E HurlesPeter Forster
Jun 17, 2005·The Journal of General Virology·Fuat KurbanovMasashi Mizokami
Oct 7, 2005·Journal of Human Genetics·Rachel A ChowRene J Herrera
Jul 19, 2006·Journal of Medical Virology·Arup BanerjeeRunu Chakravarty
Jul 19, 2006·Journal of Medical Virology·Maria MakuwaFrançois Simon
Jan 9, 2007·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Stephan Schaefer
Jul 14, 2007·Hepatology Research : the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·Anna Kramvis, Michael C Kew
Dec 15, 2007·Journal of Human Genetics·M RegueiroR J Herrera
Mar 21, 2008·Journal of Virology·Thien Tuan Huy TranKenji Abe
May 9, 2008·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Maria Inge LusidaHak Hotta

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 23, 2011·Current Gastroenterology Reports·Sudeep Tanwar, Geoffrey Dusheiko
Jun 7, 2011·The Journal of Infection·Bouchra KitabSoumaya Benjelloun
Nov 20, 2013·Journal of Medical Virology·Maria NordinKarin Kidd-Ljunggren
Jul 20, 2014·Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology·Resat OzarasFehmi Tabak
May 18, 2016·Journal of Medical Virology·Soa Fy AndriamandimbyJean-Michel Heraud

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.