High prevalence of subtle and severe menstrual disturbances in exercising women: confirmation using daily hormone measures

Human Reproduction
Mary Jane De SouzaNancy I Williams

Abstract

The identification of subtle menstrual cycle disturbances requires daily hormone assessments. In contrast, the identification of severe menstrual disturbances, such as amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea, can be established by clinical observation. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of subtle menstrual disturbances, defined as luteal phase defects (LPD) or anovulation, in exercising women, with menstrual cycles of 26-35 days, who engage in a variety of sports, both recreational and competitive. Secondly, the prevalence of oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea was also determined via measurement of daily urinary ovarian steroids rather than self report alone. Menstrual status was documented by daily measurements of estrone and pregnanediol glucuronide and luteinizing hormone across two to three consecutive cycles and subsequently categorized as ovulatory (Ovul), LPD, anovulatory (Anov), oligomenorrheic (Oligo) and amenorrheic (Amen) in sedentary (Sed) and exercising (Ex) women. Sed (n = 20) and Ex women (n = 67) were of similar (P > 0.05) age (26.3 +/- 0.8 years), weight (59.3 +/- 1.8 kg), body mass index (22.0 +/- 0.6 kg/m2), age of menarche (12.8 +/- 0.3 years) and gynecological maturity (13.4 +/- 0.9 years). T...Continue Reading

References

Nov 25, 1978·Lancet·C B FeichtW W Wagner
Jul 1, 1979·Obstetrics and Gynecology·E DaleA L Wilhite
Jan 11, 1992·Reproductive Toxicology·J S KesnerE F Krieg
Jun 1, 1991·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·I Z BeitinsB A Bullen
Jul 1, 1988·Fertility and Sterility·M J McNeely, M R Soules
Feb 1, 1987·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·J Brooks-GunnL H Hamilton
Sep 1, 1973·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·F PetterssonS J Nillius
Sep 1, 1967·Journal of Applied Physiology·B Saltin, P O Astrand
Aug 15, 1982·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·C F SanbornW W Wagner
Aug 15, 1982·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·M M Shangold, H S Levine
Sep 1, 1982·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·G A Bachmann, E Kemmann
Jun 1, 1981·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·K B Singh
Jun 11, 1999·The New England Journal of Medicine·M E Mendelsohn, R H Karas
Jan 12, 2001·Physiological Reviews·J E Compston
Nov 15, 2002·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Katherine A Beals, Melinda M Manore
Nov 21, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·N SantoroG Weiss
May 17, 2003·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Kristin L CobbJennifer L Kelsey
Jul 3, 2004·Human Reproduction Update·Mary Jane De Souza, Nancy I Williams
Dec 2, 2004·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Anette RickenlundAngelica Lindén Hirschberg
Jan 22, 2005·Current Sports Medicine Reports·Mary Jane De Souza, Nancy I Williams
Feb 5, 2005·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Monica Klungland Torstveit, Jorunn Sundgot-Borgen
Sep 24, 2005·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Monica Klungland Torstveit, Jorunn Sundgot-Borgen
May 9, 2006·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Katherine A Beals, Amanda K Hill
Jan 18, 2007·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Emma O'DonnellMary Jane De Souza
May 1, 2007·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Anne Z HochJane E Schimke
Oct 3, 2007·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Aurelia NattivUNKNOWN American College of Sports Medicine
Oct 27, 2007·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Jeanne F NicholsYael Pernick

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 18, 2011·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Jennifer L ReedNancy I Williams
May 10, 2011·Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E·Bahareh M SchweigerGeorgeanna J Klingensmith
Aug 7, 2013·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Rebecca J MallinsonMary Jane De Souza
Aug 3, 2012·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Charles E MatthewsRegina G Ziegler
Sep 10, 2014·Journal of Endocrinological Investigation·B MeczekalskiM Maciejewska-Jeske
Mar 13, 2014·British Journal of Sports Medicine·Margo MountjoyArne Ljungqvist
Apr 25, 2013·Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine·Michelle T BarrackJenna C Gibbs
Feb 22, 2012·Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society·S L GudmundsdottirL B Augestad
Dec 19, 2013·Annals of Epidemiology·Katherine A AhrensEnrique F Schisterman
Sep 5, 2013·Mayo Clinic Proceedings·Asma JavedAida N Lteif
Dec 1, 2015·Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America·Brian Y Kim, Aurelia Nattiv
Dec 12, 2012·Gender Medicine·Simone A ReynoldsJanet M Catov
Mar 20, 2012·Fertility and Sterility·Lauren A WiseElizabeth E Hatch
Aug 9, 2011·Fertility and Sterility·Olivier CosteCharles Sultan
Mar 10, 2016·Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation·Heather C M AllawayMary Jane De Souza
Jun 19, 2012·Clinical Endocrinology·Barbara Sonntag, Michael Ludwig
Jan 23, 2013·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·M Ried-LarsenL B Andersen
Jun 4, 2014·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·A MelinA Sjödin
Aug 27, 2014·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·M Ried-LarsenN C Møller
Oct 30, 2014·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Heather C M AllawayMary Jane De Souza
Jul 16, 2014·European Journal of Sport Science·Amanda Q X NioRob Shave
May 16, 2014·Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology·Simona Palm-Fischbacher, Ulrike Ehlert
Feb 28, 2015·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Jennifer L ReedNancy I Williams
Apr 2, 2014·Fertility and Sterility·Emily S BarrettShanna H Swan
Jul 18, 2014·Maternal and Child Health Journal·Simone A ReynoldsJanet M Catov
Apr 30, 2016·Fertility and Sterility·Craig J McKinnonLauren A Wise
Nov 3, 2016·The Physician and Sportsmedicine·Anne E GoldringMary K Mulcahey
Jan 26, 2016·Journal of Athletic Training·Timothy W TourvilleBruce D Beynnon
Nov 12, 2016·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology·Malcolm G Munro
Apr 4, 2017·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Catherine M GordonMichelle P Warren
Sep 28, 2017·Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM·Heather C M AllawayMary Jane De Souza
Jul 7, 2016·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Karsten KoehlerMary Jane De Souza
Oct 14, 2017·Current Osteoporosis Reports·Mary Jane De SouzaEmily A Southmayd

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.