High-Resolution Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Heterogeneity of Brain-Derived Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
Anneke MiedemaSusanne M Kooistra

Abstract

Microglia are important for central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and first to respond to tissue damage and perturbations. Microglia are heterogeneous cells; in case of pathology, microglia adopt a range of phenotypes with altered functions. However, how these different microglia subtypes are implicated in CNS disease is largely unresolved. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the CNS, characterized by inflammation and axonal degeneration, ultimately leading to neurological decline. One way microglia are implicated in MS is through stimulation of remyelination. They facilitate efficient remyelination by phagocytosis of myelin debris. In addition, microglia recruit oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to demyelinated areas and stimulate remyelination. The development of high-resolution technologies to profile individual cells has greatly contributed to our understanding of microglia heterogeneity and function under normal and pathological conditions. Gene expression profiling technologies have evolved from whole tissue RNA sequencing toward single-cell or nucleus sequencing. Single microglia proteomic profiles are also increasingly generated, offering another layer of high-resolution data. Here, we ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2021·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Andrew FolickMartin Valdearcos
Jul 13, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Andres Di PaoloJosé Roberto Sotelo-Silveira
Aug 1, 2021·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·Wissam BeainoAlbert D Windhorst

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
laser capture microdissection
FACS
inDrops
single-nuclei sequencing
smFISH
ISS
single-cell sequencing
slide-seq
PCR

Software Mentioned

RNAscope
FISSEQ
Ribotag
MERFISH
Neuroexpresso
snRNAseq
Helios
CyTOF
inDrops
CARTANA

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