High-strength silk protein scaffolds for bone repair.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Biman B MandalDavid L Kaplan

Abstract

Biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration represent a major focus of orthopedic research. However, only a handful of polymeric biomaterials are utilized today because of their failure to address critical issues like compressive strength for load-bearing bone grafts. In this study development of a high compressive strength (~13 MPa hydrated state) polymeric bone composite materials is reported, based on silk protein-protein interfacial bonding. Micron-sized silk fibers (10-600 µm) obtained utilizing alkali hydrolysis were used as reinforcement in a compact fiber composite with tunable compressive strength, surface roughness, and porosity based on the fiber length included. A combination of surface roughness, porosity, and scaffold stiffness favored human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward bone-like tissue in vitro based on biochemical and gene expression for bone markers. Further, minimal in vivo immunomodulatory responses suggested compatibility of the fabricated silk-fiber-reinforced composite matrices for bone engineering applications.

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Citations

Jul 20, 2012·Neurosurgery·Phillip V Parry, Johnathan A Engh
Mar 7, 2014·Nature Communications·Gabriel S PerroneDavid L Kaplan
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Jan 20, 2016·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Chao ZhangXuechao Hu
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May 20, 2015·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering·Jelena Rnjak-KovacinaDavid L Kaplan
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Mar 13, 2014·Macromolecular Bioscience·Sangram K SamalDavid L Kaplan

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