Higher-order genome organization in platypus and chicken sperm and repositioning of sex chromosomes during mammalian evolution.

Chromosoma
Enkhjargal Tsend-AyushFrank Grützner

Abstract

In mammals, chromosomes occupy defined positions in sperm, whereas previous work in chicken showed random chromosome distribution. Monotremes (platypus and echidnas) are the most basal group of living mammals. They have elongated sperm like chicken and a complex sex chromosome system with homology to chicken sex chromosomes. We used platypus and chicken genomic clones to investigate genome organization in sperm. In chicken sperm, about half of the chromosomes investigated are organized non-randomly, whereas in platypus chromosome organization in sperm is almost entirely non-random. The use of genomic clones allowed us to determine chromosome orientation and chromatin compaction in sperm. We found that in both species chromosomes maintain orientation of chromosomes in sperm independent of random or non-random positioning along the sperm nucleus. The distance of loci correlated with the total length of sperm nuclei, suggesting that chromatin extension depends on sperm elongation. In platypus, most sex chromosomes cluster in the posterior region of the sperm nucleus, presumably the result of postmeiotic association of sex chromosomes. Chicken and platypus autosomes sharing homology with the human X chromosome located centrally in ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 5, 2012·Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology·Enkhjargal Tsend-AyushFrank Grützner
Sep 30, 2014·Journal of Structural Biology·Juan AusióChristopher L Woodcock
Oct 31, 2009·Reproduction, Fertility, and Development·Enkhjargal Tsend-AyushFrank Grützner
Oct 31, 2009·Reproduction, Fertility, and Development·Kristen K K HoFrank Grützner
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Mar 1, 2013·Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine·Naazish AlladinClifford L Librach
Jan 3, 2018·Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine·Dimitrios Ioannou, Helen G Tempest
Mar 21, 2018·AIMS Genetics·Vadim ChaginOlga Mudrak

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