Highlighting the Role of Biomarkers of Inflammation in the Diagnosis and Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy
Krishna D BharwaniFrank J P M Huygen

Abstract

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by continuous pain that is often accompanied by sensory, motor, vasomotor, sudomotor, and trophic disturbances. If left untreated, it can have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. The diagnosis of CRPS is currently based on a set of relatively subjective clinical criteria: the New International Association for the Study of Pain clinical diagnostic criteria for CRPS. There are still no objective laboratory tests to diagnose CRPS and there is a great need for simple, objective, and easily measurable biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of this disease. In this review, we discuss the role of inflammation in the multi-mechanism pathophysiology of CRPS and highlight the application of potential biomarkers of inflammation in the diagnosis and management of this disease.

References

Oct 1, 1995·Pain·M Stanton-HicksP Wilson
Apr 1, 1996·Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine·H P McNeil
Feb 11, 1998·General Pharmacology·P Holzer
Dec 23, 1998·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·G M RibbersM de Metz
Apr 25, 2000·Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]·H P McNeil, I Gotis-Graham
Jun 8, 2000·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·C D MillsA M Hill
Mar 10, 2001·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·UNKNOWN Biomarkers Definitions Working Group.
Apr 5, 2002·Mediators of Inflammation·Frank J P M HuygenFreek J Zijlstra
Aug 21, 2003·The Journal of Dermatology·Hiroyuki OkamotoTakeshi Horio
Mar 17, 2004·Immunology Letters·Frank J P M HuygenFreek J Zijlstra
May 26, 2004·Journal of Pain and Symptom Management·Frank J P M HuygenPaul L A van Daele
Jun 21, 2005·Pain·Guillermo M AlexanderRobert J Schwartzman
Aug 18, 2005·Mediators of Inflammation·Anna Maria Witkowska
Dec 3, 2005·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Siamon Gordon, Philip R Taylor
Mar 4, 2006·The Clinical Journal of Pain·Christian SchinkelMatthias Schuermann
Aug 23, 2006·Neurology·J SchattschneiderR Baron
Nov 30, 2006·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Guillermo M AlexanderRobert J Schwartzman
Jan 9, 2008·The Clinical Journal of Pain·Alexander G MuntsJacobus J van Hilten
Feb 2, 2008·Neuroimmunomodulation·Ines KaufmannManfred Thiel
Apr 22, 2008·Neuroscience Letters·Frank Birklein, Martin Schmelz
Jun 10, 2008·Pain·Elon EisenbergRafael M Nagler
Aug 30, 2008·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·Nuutti V VartiainenNina Forss
Feb 14, 2009·Pain Practice : the Official Journal of World Institute of Pain·Marissa de MosFrank J P M Huygen
Aug 21, 2009·The Clinical Journal of Pain·Marissa de MosMariam C J M Sturkenboom
Jul 16, 2010·Blood·Loems Ziegler-HeitbrockManfred B Lutz
Aug 10, 2010·Anesthesiology·Stephen Bruehl
Sep 3, 2010·Pain Practice : the Official Journal of World Institute of Pain·Frank van EijsFrank Huygen
Jan 12, 2011·Annual Review of Immunology·Ulf Andersson, Kevin J Tracey
Feb 10, 2011·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·B W RitzR J Schwartzman
Nov 15, 2011·Journal of Translational Medicine·Irina A OrlovaSeena K Ajit
Feb 22, 2012·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Onur Boyman, Jonathan Sprent

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 29, 2020·NeuroRehabilitation·Allison KesslerRandy Calisoff
Apr 1, 2021·Molecular Pain·Amrita Prasad Md, Krishnan Chakravarthy Md
May 10, 2021·International Journal of Surgery Case Reports·Luxwell JokonyaKazadi K N Kalangu
Jun 25, 2021·Pain and Therapy·Samantha-Su TaylorOmar Viswanath
Jul 8, 2021·Pain Practice : the Official Journal of World Institute of Pain·Thomas J P MangnusFrank J P M Huygen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy
biopsies
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India
Sandeep J Sebastin
Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie, plastische Chirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Handchirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Mikrochirurgie der Peripheren Nerven und Gefässe : Organ der Vereinigung der Deut
H Troeger
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved