Hippocampal Dysfunction Provoked by Mercury Chloride Exposure: Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress, Tissue Injury and Nature of Cell Death

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
W A B AragãoR R Lima

Abstract

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic metal, which can be found in its inorganic form in the environment. This form presents lower liposolubility and lower absorption in the body. In order to elucidate the possible toxicity of inorganic Hg in the hippocampus, we investigated the potential of low doses of mercury chloride (HgCl2) to promote hippocampal dysfunction by employing a chronic exposure model. For this, 56 rats were exposed to HgCl2 (0.375 mg/kg/day) via the oral route for 45 days. After the exposure period, the animals were submitted to the cognitive test of fear memory. The hippocampus was collected for the measurement of total Hg levels, analysis of oxidative stress, and evaluation of cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and tissue injury. It was observed that chronic exposure to inorganic Hg promotes an increase in mercury levels in this region and damage to short- and long-term memory. Furthermore, we found that this exposure model provoked oxidative stress, which led to cytotoxicity and cell death by apoptosis, affecting astrocytes and neurons in the hippocampus. Our study demonstrated that inorganic Hg, even with its low liposolubility, is able to produce deleterious effects in the central nervous system, resulting in cognitive imp...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 1, 2020·Biological Trace Element Research·Victória Dos Santos ChemeloRafael Rodrigues Lima
Dec 31, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Leandro F OliveiraFulvio A Scorza
Dec 14, 2018·Metallomics : Integrated Biometal Science·Leonardo Oliveira BittencourtRafael Rodrigues Lima
Mar 1, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Alessandro Fulgenzi, Maria Elena Ferrero
Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Ramon da Silva RaposoJoão Oliveira Malva
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·João P NovoCarlos Fontes-Ribeiro
May 1, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Mahdi Balali-MoodMahmood Sadeghi
May 16, 2021·Molecular Neurobiology·Gabriela de Paula ArrifanoMaria Elena Crespo-Lopez
Aug 27, 2021·Biological Trace Element Research·Jia-Hong ChuRui-Feng Fan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
atomic absorption spectrometry
Assay

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism

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