Hippocampal nitric oxide synthase in the fetal guinea pig: effects of chronic prenatal ethanol exposure

Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research
K A Kimura, J F Brien

Abstract

The effects of chronic maternal administration of ethanol on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and the numbers of NOS containing neurons, and CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus of the near term fetal guinea pig at gestational day (GD) 62 were investigated. Pregnant guinea pigs received oral administration of 4 g ethanol/kg maternal body weight (n = 5), isocaloric sucrose/pair feeding (n = 5) or water (n = 5), or no treatment (NT; n = 5) from GD 2 to GD 61. NOS activity in the 25,000 x g supernatant of hippocampal homogenate was determined using a radiometric assay. The numbers of NOS containing neurons, and CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons were determined using NADPH diaphorase histochemistry and cresyl violet staining, respectively. The chronic ethanol regimen produced a maternal blood ethanol concentration of 193 +/- 13 mg/dl at 1 h after the second divided dose on GD 57. Chronic ethanol exposure produced fetal body, brain, and hippocampal growth restriction and decreased fetal hippocampal NOS activity compared with the isocaloric sucrose/pair feeding, water, and NT experimental groups, but did not affect the number of NOS containing and CA1 or CA3 pyramidal neurons. These data demonstrate that, in the near term...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 5, 2005·Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews·Randall L Davis, Peter J Syapin
Oct 16, 1999·Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research·K A KimuraJ F Brien
May 22, 2003·Neurotoxicology and Teratology·Michelle L ByrnesJames F Brien
Feb 26, 2016·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Christine J FontaineBrian R Christie
Nov 27, 2008·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Theresa W GauthierLou Ann S Brown
Jan 26, 2007·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Xiao-Du PingTheresa W Gauthier
Dec 17, 2008·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Soon LeeCatherine Rivier
Nov 9, 2004·Pediatric Research·Theresa W GauthierLou Ann S Brown
Jun 26, 2003·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Soon LeeCatherine Rivier
May 31, 2003·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Tara N McGoeyJames F Brien
Oct 20, 2001·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·J L CookS T Davidge
Jan 26, 2005·The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine·Marjie L HardGideon Koren

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