Hippocampus and epilepsy: Findings from human tissues

Revue neurologique
G HuberfeldR Miles

Abstract

Surgical removal of the epileptogenic zone provides an effective therapy for several focal epileptic syndromes. This surgery offers the opportunity to study pathological activity in living human tissue for pharmacoresistant partial epilepsy syndromes including temporal lobe epilepsies with hippocampal sclerosis, cortical dysplasias, epilepsies associated with tumors and developmental malformations. Slices of tissue from patients with these syndromes retain functional neuronal networks and may generate epileptic activities. The properties of cells in this tissue may not be greatly changed, but excitatory synaptic transmission is often enhanced and GABAergic inhibition is preserved. Typically epileptic activity is not generated spontaneously by the neocortex, whether dysplastic or not, but can be induced by convulsants. The initiation of ictal discharges in the neocortex depends on both GABAergic signaling and increased extracellular potassium. In contrast, a spontaneous interictal-like activity is generated by tissues from patients with temporal lobe epilepsies associated with hippocampal sclerosis. This activity is initiated, not in the hippocampus but in the subiculum, an output region, which projects to the entorhinal cortex....Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 30, 2015·Nature Neuroscience·Stefanie Robel, Harald Sontheimer
Mar 12, 2016·Nature Reviews. Neurology·Gilles Huberfeld, Charles J Vecht
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May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Elisa Ren, Giulia Curia
Jun 1, 2021·Cell Biochemistry and Function·Xiaoying LiJuntang Lin
Jun 29, 2021·Revue neurologique·T Marissal

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