HIV-1 in lymph nodes is maintained by cellular proliferation during antiretroviral therapy.

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
William R McManusMary F Kearney

Abstract

To investigate the possibility that HIV-1 replication in lymph nodes sustains the reservoir during ART, we looked for evidence of viral replication in 5 donors after up to 13 years of viral suppression. We characterized proviral populations in lymph nodes and peripheral blood before and during ART, evaluated the levels of viral RNA expression in single lymph node and blood cells, and characterized the proviral integration sites in paired lymph node and blood samples. Proviruses with identical sequences, identical integration sites, and similar levels of RNA expression were found in lymph nodes and blood samples collected during ART, and no single sequence with significant divergence from the pretherapy population was present in either blood or lymph nodes. These findings show that all detectable persistent HIV-1 infection is consistent with maintenance in lymph nodes by clonal proliferation of cells infected before ART and not by ongoing viral replication during ART.

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
MK147615
MK145079-MK148700

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
FACS

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT00187512

Software Mentioned

phyML
R
ClustalW
MEGA
Quantasoft
java

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