HIV-1 Tat-coated nanoparticles result in enhanced humoral immune responses and neutralizing antibodies compared to alum adjuvant

Vaccine
Jigna D PatelRussell J Mumper

Abstract

HIV-1 Tat has been identified as an attractive target for vaccine development and is currently under investigation in clinical trials as both a therapeutic and preventative vaccine for HIV-1. It is well known that protein based vaccines produce poor immune responses by themselves and therefore require adjuvants to enhance immune responses. We have previously reported on the use of anionic nanoparticles (NPs) for enhancing cellular and humoral immune responses to Tat (1-72). The purpose of this study was to further evaluate the immune response of HIV-1 Tat (1-72) coated on anionic nanoparticles compared to alum using various doses of Tat (1-72). Nanoparticles were effective at generating comparable antibody titers at both 1 and 5 microg doses of Tat (1-72), whereas the antibody titers significantly decreased at the lower dose of Tat (1-72) using alum. Anti-sera from Tat (1-72) immunized mice reacted greatest to the N-terminal and basic regions of Tat, with the NP groups showing stronger reactivity to these regions compared to alum. Moreover, the anti-sera from all Tat (1-72) immunized groups contained Tat-neutralizing antibodies and were able to significantly inhibit Tat-mediated long terminal repeat (LTR) transactivation.

Citations

Oct 11, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Natalie A ParlaneBernd H A Rehm
Dec 21, 2006·Pharmaceutical Research·Jigna D PatelRussell J Mumper
Oct 9, 2009·International Reviews of Immunology·Antonella CaputoBarbara Ensoli
Aug 3, 2007·Journal of Drug Targeting·Amit A Kale, Vladimir P Torchilin
Sep 15, 2010·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Anekant JainRussell J Mumper
Mar 11, 2008·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Anthony D CristilloRanajit Pal
Sep 4, 2014·BioMed Research International·Josune TorrecillaAna del Pozo-Rodríguez
Jun 18, 2011·Veterinary Parasitology·Juan M IracheSocorro Espuelas
Jun 1, 2007·Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI·David LeuenbergerHans H Hirsch

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